猛犬俱乐部-中国具有影响力的猛犬网站

标题: (獒犬猛犬)全集 [打印本页]

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-7-27 10:32
标题: (獒犬猛犬)全集
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-7-27 10:38 编辑

(, 下载次数: 29) (, 下载次数: 28) (, 下载次数: 30)

There are a lot of dog breeds that have a drop or two of blood from any of the Mastiff, Bulldog, Mountain Dog or Flock Guardian breeds, but not enough to be considered to belong to the Molosser group. At this page some of these breeds will be covered, but also breeds that rightfully belongs to the Molosser group, but not yet have its own breedpage at Molosserworld because of the difficulties in obtaining information and/or pictures.Some of the breeds mentioned at this page may not be Molossers, or considered as Molossers by some visitors. Others may be a listed with just a local name of a breed already represented or mentioned.

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-7-27 10:33
Name Other name Country of origin Current state &/or description
Aidi Chien de Atlas Marocco FCI Recognized
Alabai Alabay Turkmenistan This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Alach - Tadjikistan This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Altman's White English Bulldog - USA ?
Alubull - USA This is a Bulldogge recreation
Ambullneomastiff - USA Basically a Bandog
American Alaunt - USA A new recreation of the Alaunt
Anhui Ao - Anhui, China ?
Appenzeller Sennenhund - Switzerland FCI Reognized
Arkansas Giant Bulldog - USA Basically a crossdog
Aur Cheuan Inner Mongolian Mastiff Mongolia ?
Australian Bulldog Aussie Bulldog Australia A Bulldogge recreation
Bakharwal Kashmiri Sheepdog Pakistan ?
Bangara - India/Tibet ?
Barachesto Ovcharsko Kuche - Bulgaria ?
Berger des Alpes Françaises Berger de Savoie France Possible recognition by the French KC soon
Bhotia - India/Tibet ?
Bisben - Himalaya ?
Blue Paul - Scotland Extinct?
Brabantse Bullenbijter Brabanter Holland Extinct
Brave Perro Bravo de Colombia Colombia ?
Buldoguinho Brasileiro Buldogue Serrano Brazil An English Bulldog X Fox Paulistinha cross
Bullboxer - Basically a crossdog (Staff x Boxer)
Bull Molosser - USA A recreation of the old Central European Molossers
Buryat Mongol Ovtcharka Mongolia ?
Cabeçudo - Mato Grosso, Brazil ?
Cane Fonnese Mastino Fonnese Sardinia, Italy ?
Ceský Horský Pes - Czech Replubic Recognized by FCI
Chien Corse Corsinu Corsika, France ?
Chokcha - Turkmenistan This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Chongqing Quan - China ?
Ciobanesc de Bucovina - Romania ?
Dachi - Bhutan ?
Dahmarda (Dakhmarda) - Tadjikistan This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Dogo Sardo Dogo Sardesco Sardinia, Italy ?
Dogue du Midi Bouledogue du Midi France Extinct
Dosa Mee-Kyun Dosa (Beauty Tosa) Korea Korean "beauty" version of the Japanese Tosa

Kirgizkaya Ovtcharka	-	Kyrgyzstan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Kounchi	-	Turkmenistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Koyunchi (Koyuntchi)	-	Tadjikistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Krasky Ovcar	Karst Sheepdog	Slovenia	Recognized by FCI
Lakota Mastino	-	USA	Basically a Bandog
Larzac Shepherd	-	?	?
Lebanese Mountain Dog	-	Lebanon	?
Lottatore Brindisino	-	Brindisi, Italy	A Cane Corso/Rottweiler or Cane Corso/Pit-Bull cross used for fighting
Maharashtrian Dhangari Kutra	-	India	?
Malchower	-	Germany	A fairly ne creation from former East German
Mastin Argentino	<-/TD>	Argentino	?
Mastin Ligero	Light Mastin	Spain	?
Mâtin Corse	-	France	Extinct
Mezzocorso	-	Italy	A Cane Corso/Marremano Abruzzese cross
Mezzolevriero	-	Italy	A Cane Corso/Italian Greyhound cross
Mezzosangue	-	Italy
Mordashka	Russian Bulldog	Russia	Extinct
Moscow Mastiff	-	Russia	?
Moscow Vodolaz	-	Russia	A Newfoundland/Caucasian Ovtcharka cross
Mucuchíes	-	Venezuela	?
Nagazi	-	Georgia	This is a Caucasian Shepherd Dog Sub-species
Nebolish Mastiff	-	USA	Basically a Bandog
Nepal Herder	-	India?	?
Nivernais Mastiff	-	USA	Made by breeding together 3 strains of European Mastiff breeds
North China Guard Dog	-	China	?
Nunley Olde English Bulldog	-	USA	A Bulldogge recreation
Olde Bulldogge (many different strains)	-	USA	Bulldogge recreations
Owczarek Podhalanski	Owczarek Tatranski/Polish Tatra Sheepdog	Poland	Recognized by FCI
Pardog	-	Italy/Australia?	A cross between Staff/GSD/Bull Terrier/Mastino/Dogo/Dingo
Perro de Presa de Cordoba	Cordoba Fighting Dog	Argentina	Extinct
Perro de Toro Mexicano	Mexican Bulldog	Mexico	Extinct?
Perro Pampa	-	Argentina	A Dogo/Pit Bull or Dogo/Rott cross
Podolian Mastiff	-	Ukraine	?
Renegade Bulldog	-	England	Extinct
Red Smut	-	Scotland	Extinct?
Reznicky Pes	Czech Bulldog?	Czech Replubic	Extinct, 1950's
Sarkangik (Sarkandjik)	-	Uzbekistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Sarmatian Dog	-	?	?
Sha-Kyi	-	Tibet	?
Shan Mastiff	-	Mongolia/China	?
Shirak	-	Iran	?
Slovac Cuvac	Slovenski Cuvac	Slovakia	?
St. Johns Water Dog	-	Canada	Extinct?
Straviere Toscano	-	Italy	?
Sussex Bulldog	-	England	A Bulldogge recreation
Swinford Bandogge	American Mastiff	USA	The original Pitbull/Mastino cross made by Mr. Swinford
Tobet	-	Kazakhstan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Torkuz	-	Uzbekistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Valley Bulldog	-	Canada	A English Bulldog/Boxer cross
Vikhan Sheepdog	-	Pakistan	?
Villano de las Encartacinos	-	Spain	?
Wakhan Mastiff	-	Pakistan	?
Wildbunch Bulldog	-	Holland	A Bulldogge recreation made by Mr. Ginneke

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-7-27 10:35

Name	Other name	Country of origin	Current state &/or description
Aidi	Chien de Atlas	Marocco	FCI Recognized
Alabai	Alabay	Turkmenistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Alach	-	Tadjikistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Altman's White English Bulldog	-	USA	?
Alubull	-	USA	This is a Bulldogge recreation
Ambullneomastiff	-	USA	Basically a Bandog
American Alaunt	-	USA	A new recreation of the Alaunt
Anhui Ao	-	Anhui, China	?
Appenzeller Sennenhund	-	Switzerland	FCI Reognized
Arkansas Giant Bulldog	-	USA	Basically a crossdog
Aur Cheuan	Inner Mongolian Mastiff	Mongolia	?
Australian Bulldog	Aussie Bulldog	Australia	A Bulldogge recreation
Bakharwal	Kashmiri Sheepdog	Pakistan	?
Bangara	-	India/Tibet	?
Barachesto Ovcharsko Kuche	-	Bulgaria	?
Berger des Alpes Françaises	Berger de Savoie	France	Possible recognition by the French KC soon
Bhotia	-	India/Tibet	?
Bisben	-	Himalaya	?
Blue Paul	-	Scotland	Extinct?
Brabantse Bullenbijter	Brabanter	Holland	Extinct
Brave	Perro Bravo de Colombia	Colombia	?
Buldoguinho Brasileiro	Buldogue Serrano	Brazil	An English Bulldog X Fox Paulistinha cross
Bullboxer	-		Basically a crossdog (Staff x Boxer)
Bull Molosser	-	USA	A recreation of the old Central European Molossers
Buryat	Mongol Ovtcharka	Mongolia	?
Cabeçudo	-	Mato Grosso, Brazil	?
Cane Fonnese	Mastino Fonnese	Sardinia, Italy	?
Ceský Horský Pes	-	Czech Replubic	Recognized by FCI
Chien Corse	Corsinu	Corsika, France	?
Chokcha	-	Turkmenistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Chongqing Quan	-	China	?
Ciobanesc de Bucovina	-	Romania	?
Dachi	-	Bhutan	?
Dahmarda (Dakhmarda)	-	Tadjikistan	This is a Central Asian Shepherd Dog sub-species
Dogo Sardo	Dogo Sardesco	Sardinia, Italy	?
Dogue du Midi	Bouledogue du Midi	France	Extinct
Dosa	Mee-Kyun Dosa (Beauty Tosa)	Korea	Korean "beauty" version of the Japanese Tosa
Durmitorski Ovcar	-	Montenegro	?
Dutch Mastiff	-	Holland	Extinct
Entlebucher Sennenhund	-	Switzerland	Recognized by FCI
Funlun Mountain dogs	-	Northern China	?
Gaddi	Gaddi Kutta	India	Existing in small numbers
Gampr	Armenian Gampr	Armenia	This is a Caucasian Shepherd Dog Sub-species
Garpehund	-	Norway	Extinct
Gawi	Afghan Bulldog	Afghanistan	Extinct
Germanischer Bãrenhund	German Beardog	Germany	More than 2500 dogs existing

作者: 咸湿仔 时间: 2010-7-27 10:47
楼主你发个贴上来自己看啊？？？？

作者: a197922 时间: 2010-7-27 13:24
{:5_135:}{:5_136:}

作者: 战汝娘亲 时间: 2010-7-27 14:10
英文不好看不懂

作者: 勇敢的心1986 时间: 2010-7-27 20:11
英文不好看不懂字母认识的就是组合在一起变成单词就不认识了

作者: 骠姚啸尉 时间: 2010-7-27 21:24
？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？？

作者: 这个可以有 时间: 2010-7-27 21:25
ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd看不懂呵呵

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-7-27 22:27
兄弟们不是我不翻是实在太多了大家多见谅我空的话就逐段的翻

这主要是獒犬类的名目大全

国家品种基本上所有的猛犬类都全了放这儿给大家做个参考！

作者: 阿自由 时间: 2010-7-28 01:12
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

作者: wq2216150 时间: 2010-7-28 13:02
路过,看见你的门没关,进来转转.

作者: 无法自拔 时间: 2010-7-30 12:52
本帖最后由无法自拔于 2010-7-30 12:53 编辑

如云烟，这个，名录全否，是否汉化不是问题啊，重要的是要配与大名对应的相关图片才有个意思啊

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-7-30 17:35
我看的几个版本这应该是最全的了

那就空了就慢慢加图 ...

作者: wangyouweiqi 时间: 2010-7-30 21:33
楼主还是很辛苦的

作者: zzudaliu404 时间: 2010-7-31 10:45
提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

作者: 562965921 时间: 2010-7-31 23:54
等你上图，先拿个分

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-1 22:39
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-1 22:47 编辑

好的那咱就开始这个漫长但有趣的猛犬全集！

我就挑大家比较陌生的犬种翻译贴图 .....

先从最火的中亚大家族说起

吉尔吉斯坦牧羊犬

(, 下载次数: 31)

Kirgizkaya Ovtcharka,

Kyrgyz Sheepdog, Kyrgyzstan Herder
This is a very old working breed, closely related to the dogs of Uzbekistan and considered to be a variant of the Central Asian Ovcharka.
Like its cousins, the Kyrgyzian Shepherd Dog is primarily a livestock guardian, but is also used as an intimidating property watchdog and
a valued fighter in popular local tournaments in its homeland. More than willing and able to protect its sheep, goats and cattle from any
potential predators, this powerful Molosser is very aggressive and territorial, not suited for the life of a pet in urban environments. The
Kyrgyz Shepherd is unfriendly towards other dogs, has very little tolerance for strangers and is best employed as a working protection
dog. Deep-chested, squarely built and muscular, this rugged mastiff is an agile and resilient breed. Tail is docked and the ears are usually
cropped. The coat is medium in length, densely undercoated and harsh, commonly seen in white-based colourings with darker markings
of various shades, although there are some reddish-brown Sargangik dogs to be found in Kyrgizia as well.
Average height is around 28 inches.

这是一个非常古老的工作犬种，

它们和乌兹别克斯坦牧羊犬关系密切，

被认为是中亚牧羊犬的一种。

就如它们的其他表亲，在吉尔吉斯坦牧羊犬主要进行牲畜的看护，

但也被用作守卫财产以及在其当地流行的斗狗赛事中使用。

它们更愿意和羊群和牛在一起，而不适合当宠物。

吉尔吉斯坦牧羊犬对其他狗并不友善，对陌生人很警惕。

这种强悍的巨大獒犬是一种敏捷而灵活的品种。

尾巴和耳朵通常需裁剪。毛的长度中等，

一般白色的毛皮底色上有各种色调较暗的斑块，

偶尔也有其它的毛色，如红褐色或烟灰

它们平均高度约为28英寸。

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-1 23:11
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-1 23:31 编辑

Turkmenistan Shepherd Dog

土库曼斯坦牧羊犬

(, 下载次数: 32)

(, 下载次数: 25)

Turkmenistan Shepherd Dog

Pas de photo pour cette race	Le Turkmenistan Shepherd Dog n'est pas reconnu par la F.C.I.

	Autre nom	Alabai Medzhek Ity Chokcha Turkmen Alabai Koyunchi Turkmen Wolfdog Central Asian Mastiff Turkmen Mastiff Alabay Turkmenistan Ovtcharka Turkmen Volkodav
	Origine	Turkmenistan

Considered by many to be just a regional variant of the Central Asian Ovcharka, the legendary Alabai is a respected working breed in its native Turkmenistan, where it is highly valued for its purity and personality traits, as well as its superb resilience and guarding abilities. This impressive Molosser is one of the oldest natural mastiffs in the world, having remained virtually unchanged for nearly 5000 years, with only occasional limited interference from humans, whose requirements and high standards ensured the survival of only the best working bloodlines. Although popular belief classifies the Alabai as a descendant of the Tibetan Mastiff, this is most certainly incorrect, since the mighty Turkmen Volkodav is much older than the dogs of Tibet and has been protected from the influence of other breeds for centuries by the geographical isolation of its home region. Some authorities believe that the Alabai is the original Asiatic Mastiff and the key progenitor of most world breeds, including the mythical Tibet Dogge. Like with other ancient breeds, there are many folk stories and legends mentioning the Alabai, some of them describing it as a result of matings between leopards and sheep, as well as tigers and wolves and so on. The old proto-Turkmen Huns and related Asian tribes were known for their dogs and strict breeding rules since ancient times, a practice which has resulted in the establishment of their superb working breeds, the most famous of which are the Tazy and the Alabai.
Rugged, obedient and protective, the Chokcha has traditionally been kept as a settlement watchdog and livestock guardian, prized for its size, strength, agility and courage. Over the centuries of warfare, this region of Central Asia has been invaded by many conquerors, including Alexander the Great and the Turks and Arabs, all of which introduced new customs and beliefs to the area. Alexander the Great was very fond of Asian mastiffs and has brought many dogs back to Greece with him, from where the Alabai influenced a great number of European breeds and became one of the most important mastiffs in the legendary Molossian foundation stock. This majestic breed also played a role in the development of other important historic Molossers, from the very influential Alaunt and the large mountain dogs of Kavkaz and the Balkans to the mastiffs of Italy, France and Spain. In its home region, the Chokcha suffered greatly during the islamization of Asia in the 7th century, due to the conquering Arabs' opinion that the dog is a vicious and filthy animal, resulting in systematic destruction of large aggressive mastiffs, which were until then considered near-sacred by the Zoroastrians of the area. The nomadic Turkmen tribes were allowed to keep a limited number of dogs with their herds, so they chose only those examples which posessed the best working qualities and calm, reliable temperaments. From this carefully selected group of dogs, the modern Alabai has inherited its fantastic working abilities, appearance and personality that make it one of the most impressive Molossers in the world.
Over the years, some specialized crosses were established, such as the powerful and fast hunting variety known as the Gayyn, which is a cross between an Alabai and the Tazi, or the type known as Hunnush, achieved by introducing wolf blood into the Chokcha. While these crosses were quite common, they weren't allowed to be bred back into the Alabai bloodlines in Turkmenistan, but were regularly sold to visitors from Russia and neighbouring regions, where they influenced other varieties of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog. To this day, the most respected representatives of the C.A.O. are said to come from Turkmenistan, but in its homeland, the mighty Alabai is viewed as more than just a type of the popular Russian breed and is on its way to a possible separate recognition, which it very much deserves. Although it is fairly popular to use the name "Alabai" when describing the C.A.O. in the West, it is simply incorrect, because the Turkmen Volkodav is not just a sub-type of the Central Asian Ovcharka, but is in fact its pure ancestor. Some Alabai enthusiasts would even go as far as saying that the C.A.O. is a type of Alabai and not the other way around.
As is the case with some other working Molosser breeds, the Turkmen Alabai still participates in fighting tournaments in Asia, which are more than just dog-fights organized for entertainment, but are actually held for testing of the dogs' strength, courage and skills. Only the strongest specimens that have proven themselves in conflicts with other Volkodavs, wolves and bears are allowed to breed and pass their genes onto the next generation. These methods have been successful for many centuries, but unfortunately in recent years a number of unpure dogs has been encountered, valued simply for their fighting skills and not for their livestock guarding abilities or correct temperament and health, which is a sign of the westernization of the region and the loss of traditional values. This is endangering the purity of the Alabai breed, which has already suffered enough from matings with the modern C.A.O. and its cousins from Iran, Uzbekistan and other neighbouring regions.
This is an even-tempered, intelligent and loyal dog, protective of its owner, but not at all vicious or overly aggressive towards strangers. Calculated, noble and obedient, it responds well to training and makes an amenable companion for experienced owners. Although it is gentle with children, docile and generally well-behaved, the Turkmen Volkodav still requires early socialization and responsible handling around other dogs. The Alabai is a well-boned, muscular and agile mastiff, with a large head, powerful muzzle and strong neck. Wide-chested, straight-backed and long-legged, this is a resilient and athletic Moloss, well-adapted to the harsh climates of its native country and long working hours of guarding livestock. Sadly, while powerful, a fair number of representatives, most notably those from modern fighting lines, have poor pigmentation and bad hips. The ears are carried low and are usually cropped. The majority of working examples have docked tails, but unaltered dogs can be seen on occasion. Two main types of the Alabai are the heavy mastiff variety known as Chokcha and the leaner shepherd type called Koyuntchi, both of which can be found within the same litter. The coat is short, thick and densely undercoated, naturally becoming longer during the winter months. Although the most valued colouring has traditionally been uniform white, the Turkmen Wolfdogs can also be bicoloured, always white-based with markings of cream, fawn, brown, grey and black shades. Average height is around 32 inches, but smaller specimens exist

这里不全翻了  说几个重点就行！

1 中亚和土库曼的关系    土库曼是中亚牧羊的一个分支亚种  但也是起源点

   按目前我们大部分犬展的中亚血系看    可以说  中亚牧羊犬就是土库曼牧羊犬

2 Alabai  和土库曼的关系

   Alabai就是土库曼牧羊的一个别称  也特指凶猛的大花狗的意思

   原先在当地  确是很流行斗犬  很多大型的各类牧羊犬用来打斗和竞争  但它们也放牧

   有两大类毛色牧羊犬杂色纯色的和白底大花的（一般称后者为阿拉拜）但两者都是巨大的体型和勇猛的性格

   它们一般比周边国家的牧羊犬更高大平均高为32英寸

3 阿拉拜并不是特指哪类更高大凶猛的土库曼牧羊犬  它们是一个品种

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 10:19
Kuçi Köpeği (Rasaq Qadirie)

Diğer İsimleri: Afghan Sheep Dog, Afghanistani Shepherd, Sage Rama, Sage Koochee Rama.
Kökeni: Kuçi, Afganistan içindeki Sürü Koruyucu Köpekler için kullanılan genel bir isimdir. Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği’nin bir varyetesidir. Afganistan coğrafik ve jeolojik özellikler bakımından değişik özelliklere sahip, geniş bir ülkedir.
Ünlü Afgan Köpek Araştırmacısı Razak Kadiri bu ırkı dağ, ova ve çöl olmak üzere üç ayrı alt tipe ayırmaktadır. Dağ tipi köpekler daha alçak yapılı ve arka bacakları daha sağlamdır. Ova tipi köpekler daha uzun bacaklı ve yüksektir. Çöl tipi köpeklerin ise postu daha kısa tüylüdür. Genellikle Afganistan’ın kuzey bölgelerinde yerleşmiş bulunan Özbek ve Türkmenlerin olduğu bölgelerde bulunmaktadır.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Ortalama 85-87 cm.
Ergin Ağırlığı: 90 kg’a kadar olabilir.
Post Rengi: Beyaz, kahverengi, siyah, gri veya boz renk ile bu renklerin benekli ve çizgili formları da görülür. Sırt ve yanların koyu, diğer tarafların daha açık olduğu post rengi (sable) en yaygındır. Vücudun ayaklar ve burun ucu gibi uç kısımlarında beyazlık bulunur.
Irk Özellikleri: Çok iri ve ağır köpeklerdir. Kısa, yumuşak ve sık bir postu vardır. Altta ikinci bir tabaka daha bulunur. Kuyrukları sakin durumda iken sarkıktır ama hareket halinde veya alarm durumlarında sırtlarına doğru sarmal şeklinde kıvrılır. Baş ve boyunlarındaki gevşek deri tabakası, boğuşma esnasında aşırı yaralanmaları önler.
Karakteri: Çok aksi ve kavgacıdır. Sahiplerinden başka kimsenin yanlarına yaklaşmasına ve dokunmasına müsaade etmezler. Kendilerine karşı nazik tutumlarını yanlış değerlendiren sahipleri, bu köpekleri genellikle sakin huylu olarak tarif ederler.
Kullanma Alanı: Afgan halkı, geçmişte göçebe bir hayat yaşıyordu. Göçebelik döneminde, koyun ve keçi sürüleri ile, bu sürüleri ve diğer mallarını yırtıcılardan koruyan köpekleri vardı. Bu mükemmel köpekler aynı zamanda İpek Yolu’ndaki kervanları da koruyordu. Kuçi, günümüzde Afganistan’da yaygın olarak yetiştirilen koyun ve keçi sürülerinin korunmasında kullanılmaktadır.

Mazandarani Köpeği

Diğer İsimleri: Iranian Bear Dog, Iranian Shepherd Dog, Iranian Bear Killer, Sage Mazandarani, Iranian Mazandarani Ovcharka, Hers Kosh,
Kökeni: Sage Mazandarani, Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği’nden daha eski bir ırk olmakla birlikte, yanlışlıkla Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği’nin bir tipi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Doğu orijinli sürü bekçi köpekleri ile eski Pers Uygarlığı’na ait Hyrcanian Mastifi’nin melezlenmesi ile meydana geldiğine inanılmaktadır. Ayı avcılığı için Rusya’ya ithal edildikten sonra, Rus Çoban Köpekleri ile melezlenmiştir.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Ortalama 70-72 cm.
Ergin Ağırlığı: Erkek: Dişi:
Post Rengi: Çeşitli renkler görülür. Genellikle beyaz üzerine daha koyu renklerden lekelidir. Fakat tamamen siyah veya siyah-kahverengi renkte köpekler çok tutulur. Siyah post renkli köpeklerin, ataları olan Hyrcanian Mastifi’nin soyundan geldiğine inanılır.
Irk Özellikleri: Atik, çevik, hızlı ve atletik bir köpektir. Ama çalışmadığı zamanlar, genelde hareket etmeden yatar. Üç ayrı bölgesel tipinin olduğu bildirilmektedir. Kuzey Mazandarani Tipi, Kuzey-Doğu Horasan Tipi ve Kuzey-Batı Erdebil, Tahran ve İsfahan Tipi. Bu bölgesel tiplerin dışında vücut yapısı yönünden iki ayrı tipi daha bilinmektedir. Ayı avında kullanılanları daha iri ve yüksektir. Ama leopar avında kullanılan tipi daha ufak ve alçaktır. Mazandarani Köpeği kuvvetli, güçlü, sağlam iskelet yapılı, sağrı tarafı yüksek bir ırktır. Bacakları kuvvetli ve uzundur. Kafası geniş ve biraz dardır.Kuvvetli bir ağzı ve güçlü çeneleri vardır. Birçoğunun kuyruğu ve kulakları kesilir. Postundaki kıllar orta-uzunluktadır.
Karakteri: Çok saldırgandır. Sahibinin yanında çok sakin ve dost canlısı olan bu köpek, yabancı insan ve köpeklere karşı çok az tolerans gösterir. Bulunduğu sorumluluk alanını sahiplenip, çok iyi koruması nedeniyle, özel mülk koruma köpeğidir.
Kullanma Alanı: İran’ın kuzey kesimlerinde bulunur. Çok iyi bir sürü koruma köpeğidir. Fakat saldırgan huyu yüzünden leopar ve ayı avında da kullanılmaktadır

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 10:20
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-3 10:22 编辑

Moğolistan Çoban Köpeği

Kökeni: Moğolistan Çoban Köpeği’ne, Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği’nin bir tipi gözüyle bakılır. Bazı bilim adamları ise Tibet Mastifi Köpeği’nin bir Moğolistan alt tipi olduğunu kabul etmektedir. Tibet Mastifi ile olduğu kadar, Altay Sürü Gütme Köpekleri ve diğer Asya ırkları ile de akrabalığı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Eski Sovyetler Birliği Cumhuriyetleri zamanında, Kafkasya Çoban ve Alman Çoban Köpeği ile melezlenmesi sonucunda, sayısı oldukça azalmıştır. Moğolistan’a getirilen Tibet Köpekleri ile Moğolistan’ın yerli ırkları melezlenmiştir. Bu melezler Moğolistan Ovcharka olarak da isimlendirilir. Moğollar, Moğolistan Çoban Köpeği ırkına çok değer verirler. Cengiz Han zamanında dahi mevcut olduğuna ve onun en sevdiği hayvanın Moğolistan Çoban Köpeği olduğuna inanırlar. İki ayrı tipi bulunmaktadır. Daha tüylü, iri ve yüksek olan tip, daha çok özel mülk koruma amacıyla kullanılır. Daha küçük olan diğer tip ise sürü koruma amacıyla kullanılır. Aynı batında doğan yavrularda, her iki tip de görülebilir. Bunlar biraz büyüyünce, kullanma amacına uygun olarak ayrılır ve yetiştirilirler. Her iki tipin melezlenmesinden elde edilen köpeklere Bancars denir. Fakat bunlar diğer iki tip kadar değerli değildir.
Cidago Yüksekliği: 61 cm. nin üstündedir, fakat 75 cm. nin üstünde olanlarına da rastlanır.
Ergin Ağırlığı:
Post Rengi: Çeşitli renk tonları olmasına rağmen, beyazdan gri ve siyaha kadar bir çok renk görülür. Fakat en çok tutulan post rengi siyah ve sarımsı kahverengidir. Bu post renginde, sarımsı kahverengi renk, özellikle gözlerin üstünde bir kaş gibi belli olur.
Irk Özellikleri: Sağlam yapılı, kuvvetli, iri kemikli ve yağsızdır. Çok kıvrak, sert, haşin ve güçlü bir ırktır. Uzun post kılları dışında, diğer bütün Orta Asya ve Sibirya Irkları’na benzer. Sürü koruma görevi yapan bütün köpeklerin kulakları kesilir. Sadece özel mülk koruması yapan köpeklerin kulakları kesilmeden kalabilir. Kaba, sık kıllarla kaplı postundaki tüyler uzundur.
Karakteri: Güçlü ve inatçı bir karakteri vardır. Korkusuz kişiliği ve çok çalışkanlığı değerini artırmaktadır. Sahipleri ile oyuna meraklıdırlar ve çocuklara karşı çok sabırlı ve naziktirler. Fakat yabancı köpekler ve insanlara karşı çok az tolerans gösterirler.
Kullanma Alanı: Asıl görevi koyun sürülerine bekçilik etmektir. Özel mülk korumasında da başarı ile kullanılmaktadır. Kent hayatına kesinlikle uygun değildir

Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği

Diğer İsimleri: Central Asian Shepherd Dog, Central Asian Ovcharka, Srednie-Asiatskaia Ovcharka, Middle Asian Sheepdog, Srednje-Azijski Ovcar, Centralno-Azijski Ovcar, Russian Central Asian Sheepdog, Zentralaziatischerovtscharka, Alach, Alabai, Koyuntchi, Dakhmarda, Volkodav.
Kökeni: Ural Dağları’nın doğusu ile Moğolistan arasında kalan bölge, yani Türk Cumhuriyetlerinin olduğu bölge bu köpeğin anavatanı ve çıkış yeri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Burada yüzlerce yıldan beri göçebe olarak yaşayan kabileler tarafından yetiştirilmektedir. Fakat son yıllarda modern hayat tarzının yaygınlaşması ile bu ırkın sayısı azalmıştır. En iyi örnekleri Türkmenistan’da bulunur. Özbekistan, Tacikistan, Kazakistan ve Kırgızistan’da da saf numunelerine rastlanır.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Erkek: En az 65 cm Dişi: En az 60 cm.
Ergin Ağırlığı: Erkek: Dişi:
Post Rengi: Ekseriyetle siyah renklidir fakat siyah rengin yanında, beyaz, gri veya alacalı renkler de görülebilir. Bu renkler lekesiz olduğu gibi beyaz lekeli de olabilir.
Irk Özellikleri: Yavaş büyürler ve büyüme esnasında yoğun bir sosyalizasyona ve sabırlı bir eğitime ihtiyaç duyarlar. Orta Asya’daki aşırı sıcak ve soğuk ile ani iklim değişikliklerine uyum sağlamıştır. Postundaki kıllar kısa ve kalındır. Kuyruk ve kulakları ekseriyetle kesilir. Kulağının kesilme sebebini, köpeğin iyi duyamaması ve boğuşma esnasında kulağını kaptıran köpeğin kolay yenilmesi olarak öne sürmektedirler. Kuyruğunun kesilme sebebi ise, boğuşma anında diğer köpek veya kurdun kuyruktan yakalamasını engellemektir.
Karakteri: Yüzyıllardan beri, gerek çoban ile gerek yalnız başına, içgüdüsü nedeniyle kendisine emanet edilen sürüleri korumaktadır. Aile üyelerine karşı çok sadık olmasına karşı onlardan her zaman iyi muamele bekler. Yabancı köpek ve kişilere karşı çok şüphecidir. Sakin mizaçlı, ciddi hayvanlardır ama tehdit edildiklerinde bütün ciddiyetleri ile reaksiyon gösterirler.
Kullanma Alanı: Koyun ve keçi sürülerinin, yırtıcı hayvanlar ve hırsızlardan korunmasında kullanılır. Ama gücü, kuvveti ve cesareti yüzünden, yaban domuzu ve kar leoparı avında da kullanılmaktadır. Bazı bölgelerde Ruz Tazısı Borzoi ile melezlenerek, meydana gelen köpekten hem bir çoban köpeği, hem de hızlı ve kuvvetli bir tazı olarak yararlanılmaktadır (Anonim 2006c, Anonim 2006d).
Tanınma: FCI, UKC, NKC, ANKC, APRI, ACR, ARBA.

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 10:21
Özbekistan Çoban Köpeği

Diğer İsimleri: Uzbekistan shepherd, Torkuz, , Torkus, Uzbekistan Ovcharka, Sarkangik, Uzbek Mastiff, Uzbekistan Torkuz Mastiff, Sarkangik Wolfdog, Central Asian Torkuz, Uzbekistan Volkodav, Sarkandjik
Kökeni: Orta Asya Çoban Köpeği’nin, İpek Yolu üzerinde bulunan Özbekistan’da yetiştirilenlerine verilen isimdir. İki tipi vardır. Daha iri olana Torkuz, daha ufak olana Sarkangik denir. Özbek yetiştiricilere göre, bu köpek en az 3.000 yıldan beri bu ülkede yetiştirilmektedir. Türkmenistan Alabay Köpeği ile birlikte, Orta Asya Çoban Köpekleri’nin en kıymetlilerindendir. Bu ülkede, çevresindeki bir çok ülkede olduğu gibi köpek dövüşleri geleneksel olarak çok yaygındır. Bu yüzden son yıllarda bir çok Avrupa ve Asya dövüş köpeği bu ülkeye getirilmiş ve Özbek Köpekleri ile melezlenmiştir. Bu yüzden Sarkangik ve Torkuz’dan bu ülkede saf olarak çok az kaldığına inanılmaktadır.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Ortalama 80-82 cm.
Ergin Ağırlığı: Erkek: Dişi:
Post Rengi: Çeşitli renklerdedir. Ama ekseriyetle beyaz üzerine, iri parçalı lekeler bulunur. Siyah, kahverengi, gri ve açık kahverengi üzerine beyaz lekeli olanlarına da rastlanır.
Irk Özellikleri: Sağlam iskelet yapılı, derin göğüslü ve atletik yapılıdır. Sağlıklı, hastalandığında kendini çok çabuk toparlayan bir bünyeye sahiptir. Kuyruk ve kulaklar genellikle kesilir. Bilhassa Torkuz’un kuyruğu ve kulağı kesilmemiş olanını görmek çok zordur. Yaşadığı bölgedeki sert ve aşırı iklim şartlarına uyum sağlamıştır. Daha iri tip olan Torkuz’un çok iri ve geniş bir kafası ve ağzı vardır. Daha zayıf tipi olan Sarkangik ise, Torkuz’a nazaran daha uzun boyludur. Torkuz ve Sarkangik’in birbirleri ile melezlenmesine çok sık rastlanır. Postundaki kıllar oldukça kısa fakat çok kalındır. Postunda sık bir alt tabaka bulunur. Kış aylarında postundaki kıllar daha uzundur.
Karakteri: Aile içinde sakin yapılı ve nazik tabiatlıdır. Bölgesini koruma konusunda hassas ve yabancılara karşı soğuk ve mesafeli olmasına karşılık, diğer Orta Asya Çoban, Kafkas ve bazı iri sürü koruma köpekleri gibi aşırı sinirli ve sert değildir.
Kullanma Alanı: Torkuz başlıca bekçi köpeği olarak ve dövüş için yetiştirilir. Daha uzun fakat ince yapılı bir köpek olan Sarkangik ise başlıca sürü koruma köpeği olarak yeyiştirilir ve nadiren dövüştürülür

Tacikistan Dahmarda Köpeği

Diğer İsimleri: Tajikistan Mastiff, Tadjikian Mastiff, Dahmarda, Dakhmarda, Chorashma, Tajikistan Shepherd Dog, Tchoraschma, Tajikistan Ovtcharka, Dakhmarda Mastiff, Tajik Shepherd Dog.
Kökeni: Orta Asya Çoban Köpekleri grubuna giren bir ırktır. Tacikistan’a has bir ırk olmasına rağmen, bu ülkenin çevresindeki bölgelerde de görülür.
Cidago Yüksekliği: 61-81 cm, ortalama 70 cm.
Ergin Ağırlığı:
Post Rengi: Kırmızımsı-kahverengi postu ile, diğer Orta Asya Çoban Köpekleri’nden ayrılır. Kangal Köpeği’ne çok benzer. Chorashma olarak bilinen ikinci bir tipi vardır ve bunun postu siyah ve sarımsı-kahverengi ile siyah ve beyaz renklerde olur. Çift renkli köpekler tutulmaz. Ense, göğüs ve bacakların uçlarında beyaz lekelere müsaade edilir.
Irk Özellikleri: Akıllı ve ağırbaşlı bir ırktır. Ama yabancı kişi ve köpeklere karşı çok şüphecidir ve hemen tepki verir. Geniş göğüslü, kaslı ve yağsız bir vücuda sahiptir. Çevik ve hareketlidir. Kafa geniştir. Kuvvetli bir ağız ve güçlü çeneleri vardır. Kuyruk ve kulak ekseriyetle kesilir. Postundaki kıllar kalın ve sıktır.
Karakteri: Güçlü ve sağlam bünyeli bir köpektir. Görünüm ve post rengi olarak Kangal Köpeği’ne çok benzer. Kangal Köpeği’nde olduğu gibi, ağız, burun, göz çevresi ve kulaklarda siyah maske çoğunlukla bulunur.
Kullanma Alanı: Sürü koruma ve özel mülk koruma amacıyla yetiştirilir. Dövüş amacıyla da yetiştirilmektedir

Türkmenistan Alabay Çoban Köpeği

Diğer İsimleri: Türkmenistan Shepherd Dog, Alabai, Alabay, Turkmen Alabai, Koyunchi, Alabai Koyunchi, Medzhek Ity, Chokcha, Turkmen Wolfdog, Central Asian Mastiff, Turkmen Mastiff, Turkmenistan Ovtcharka, Turkmen Volkodav
Kökeni: Hazar Denizi ile Çin arasındaki bölgede yetiştirilir ve bu bölgenin sert doğal koşullarına uyum sağlamıştır. Tibet Köpeği, Moğolistan Çoban Köpeği, Afganistan Köpeği ve İran Köpeği ve İspanya Mastifi ile akrabalığının olduğu zannedilmektedir.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Erkek: Dişi:
Ergin Ağırlığı: Erkek: Dişi:
Post Rengi: Ciğer rengi ve grimsi-mavi renk hariç her renk kabul eidlir.
Irk Özellikleri: Çok iri, kuvvetli bir köpektir. İri kemikli ve kaslı yapılıdır. Türkmenistan’da yazları gölgede +450, kışları ise -300 sıcaklığa dayanır. Çok az yemesine rağmen, yine de kurt gibi vahşi hayvanlara karşı koyar. Çok az yiyecek yiyerek ve hiç su içmeden uzun süre dayanabilir.
Karakteri: Çok cesur ve kanaatkardır. Cüretli, atılgan, dengelidir. Herhangi bir mülkü veya bölgeyi koruma duygusu içgüdüseldir.
Kullanma Alanı: Çok iyi bir sürü ve özel mülk koruma köpeğidir. Büyük vahşi hayvanların avlanmasında da kullanılır. Bir başka özelliği de sahibini yılana karşı korumasıdır. Sahibine karşı yılanlar tarafından bir tehlike meydana geldiği zaman, hemen yılanı ısırarak, belkemiğini kırar

Tibet Mastifi

Diğer İsimleri: Tibetan Mastiff, Do-Khyi, Tsang-Khyi, Dzi-Khyi, Sgo-Khyi, Naj-Khyi.
Kökeni: Dünyanın her yerindeki Molossuslar ile Mastifler’in kökenini oluşturan ünlü Tibet Köpekleri’nden türetilmiştir. Bu ırk kendi asli vatanında hemen hemen kaybolmuştur. Fakat bazı Avrupa ülkelerinde yetiştirilmektedir.
Cidago Yüksekliği: Erkek: 64-81 cm. Dişi: Erkekten daha alçak.
Ergin Ağırlığı: Erkek: 32-64 kg. Dişi: Erkekten daha hafif.
Post Rengi: Siyah renklidir. Ama parlak sarımsı kahverengi veya altın renginde benekler olabilir.
Irk Özellikleri: Sağlam kemik yapısı olan, çok iri ve güçlü bir ırktır. Geniş ve iri bir başı, son derece güçlü bir çenesi vardır. Gözler kahverengidir ve orta büyüklüktedir. Kulaklar kalp şeklinde ve sarkıktır. Boyun güçlüdür. Kuyruk sırta doğru kıvrık şekilde durur. Postundaki tüyleri uzun ve kalındır.
Karakteri: Orijinal bölgesinde yetiştirilen az sayıdaki örnekleri vahşi ve saldırgandır. Davranışı önceden kestirilemez. Çok zor eğitilir. Ancak Avrupa’da başarılı bir şekilde eğitilen örnekleri de vardır.
Kullanma Alanı: Başarılı bir sürü koruma köpeğidir. Sürüye tecavüze yeltenen kurtlar ve diğer bazı vahşi hayvanlara karşı çok başarılı bir savunma yapar. Leoparlara karşı bile koyduğu belirtilmektedir. Köyler ve ıssız yerlerdeki mülklerin korunmasında çok başarılıdır. Şehir yaşamında yetiştirilebilmesi için, geniş bir alana ihtiyaç duyar

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 10:31
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-3 10:37 编辑

巴尔干伊利里亚牧羊犬（ILLYRIAN SHEEPDOG）

(, 下载次数: 22)

(, 下载次数: 23)

基本情况

原产地：巴尔干/马其顿

起源时期：中世纪

起初用途：牧羊犬

现在用途：牧羊犬，守卫犬

寿命：11－12年

别名：萨普兰尼那犬

体高范围：雄犬70－75cm,雌犬60－70cm

体重范围：雄犬50－60公斤，雌犬40－50公斤

FCI编号：41

育种历史

此犬也被称为萨普兰尼那犬，萨普兰尼那是阿尔巴尼亚边境上的一个偏僻地区，这种身高体壮的猛犬保护着牧群，以免收到狼、熊和猞猁的袭击；在村子里它们保护农民的财产，妇女和儿童。尽管伊利里亚牧羊犬没有希腊牧羊犬和土耳其阿卡巴士牧羊犬的历史长，但推测它比伊斯特里恩牧羊犬要古老。伊利里亚牧羊犬在阿尔巴尼亚和马其顿维持了相当的数量。首先在1930年作为一个单独的品种被鉴定，1970年以前禁止出口，最近才出口到美国和加拿大，用来管制北美西部大草原的羊。

基本情况

虽然波斯尼亚的动乱导致其腹地伊利里亚牧羊犬数量的减少，但自从该品种成功的被引入美国和加拿大，其生存有了保证。在那里，这种南斯拉夫牧羊犬被作为警犬使用，有时也被ar_my饲养。伊利里亚牧羊犬性格谨慎独立，但它工作非常认真，能仔细检查任何异常情况，面对强敌毫无畏惧。它们虽然是一种非常严厉的犬，但在家里却是温顺忠诚。它们不信任陌生人，在陌生人面前始终做好防御的准备。伊利里亚牧羊犬具有超常的记忆力，绝对不会忘记它们的敌人。它们独立行事，有时它们的反应会让人琢磨不透。对它们进行教育是一件比较困难的事，它们绝不是容易驯养和无条件服从的犬。由于其高大、健壮，所以难以驾驭，只有了解它们的人才能喂养。在自己的地盘内，它们绝对不能容忍同类；在外边，它们绝不会放过任何打斗的机会。它们是很容易知足的犬，喜欢在户外活动。如果把它们养在花园和院子里的话，那么，就不需要在安排额外的散步时间，每天一次就够了。在掉毛时要给它们经常梳理皮毛，平时偶尔梳理一次即可。

身体特征

头：大小与躯体成比例，头盖骨有点凸出，鼻梁直，不明显，吻宽。

眼：杏仁眼，深或浅栗色。

耳：中等大小，下垂，呈 V 字形，沿双颊平贴。

尾：尾巴长，尾尖窄，刀尾弯曲，边毛稠密。

身体：长度略比高度大，颈宽无垂肉，胸宽，肋骨弹性中等，腹部大大隆起。臀部倾斜，顶线从肩宽向臀部微微倾斜。

四肢：四肢强健。脚结实，呈椭圆形，脚趾结实，呈弧形。

被毛：长，稠密，颈毛，躯体，后肢和尾巴很粗。头部和四肢前面毛短，下面毛短，细腻，十分浓密。

颜色：单色（从白色到黑色所有色调），铁灰色是最好的。

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 10:42
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-3 10:43 编辑

葡萄牙獒（PORTUGUESE WATCHDOG）

(, 下载次数: 27) (, 下载次数: 25)

基本情况

原产地：葡萄牙

起源时期：中世纪

起初用途：护卫犬

现在用途：护卫犬，伴侣犬

寿命：10－12年

别名：拉费罗杜阿兰多犬

体高范围：雄犬66－74厘米，雌犬64－70厘米

体重范围：雄犬40－50千克，雌犬35－45千克

FCI编号：96

育种历史

这是一个古老的品种，起源于阿兰多地区，可能是葡萄牙南部埃什斯特拉山犬，西班牙獒以及当地犬的后代。当地的大地主很倚重这种犬，把它们看成是财产的忠实守护者，并用爱心和理智饲养它们。这种葡萄牙护卫犬是身份的象征，是富人们的犬，随着社会的发展对它们十分不利。当针对大地主的革命开始后，这种犬像它们的主人一样被憎恨，遭到了与其主人一样的下场，大部分犬被毁灭。之后，有人把仅存的几条犬收集起来，有开始了纯种饲养。它是所有葡萄牙犬中体型最大的，现在它仍被用作保护家园和农场。

品种介绍

葡萄牙守卫犬的体型与圣伯那犬一样，但头部比其瘦且皱纹相对少。东咖劳斯（Don Carlos）国王非常喜欢这种犬，常把它当作猎犬。该犬是保护犬，在夜间尤其机敏，对主人很忠诚。现在它是葡萄牙人的无形资产和农场的守卫者。因为它具有无畏的精神，在美国，人们试图饲养它守卫羊群。但由于它天生具有挑衅性而且冷漠喜孤独的性格，和其它护卫犬相比，不太适合保护羊群。但是这种犬是一种严肃认真而且有实力的农场犬，对主人所布置的工作它能做得相当出色。这种独立的犬需要连续的教育，但是它们绝对不是听话、顺从的犬。

身体特征

头：象熊的头，头盖骨宽而呈圆顶形，有点鼻梁，半球形鼻梁，下颚有力。鼻子呈椭圆形，嘴唇薄。

眼：眼小，呈椭圆形，暗色，眼圈黑。

耳：耳小，折叠，呈三角形。

尾：长而粗，下垂，有点弯曲。

身体：健壮而长，颈强健而短，胸深而阔，腰阔，背部直。臀部微微倾斜。

四肢：腿强壮结实，脚趾长。

被毛：毛短或中等长度，平滑，毛粗，稠密。

颜色：狼灰色或黄色。

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作者: 猛虎下山168 时间: 2010-8-3 10:54
楼主辛苦啦！ (, 下载次数: 18)

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 12:02
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-3 12:04 编辑

Description	Conformity to the physical type, temperament and movements are basic factors to take into account. Head with a broad, rounded skull, proportional to the corpulence, eyes dark and very characteristically expressive, ears small to medium-sized, triangular, with rounded tips placed halfway along the skull, bending at the base and dangling. Its silhouette is slightly convex and males are bigger and have a bulkier head than females. The neck is short and strong, with a regular dewlap, the trunk is robust, bulky and muscular, the chest broad and deep. Strong, upright limbs, both front and rear. Long and curving tail, on a line with the rump and falling underneath and between the hocks, when in action it may curl up. Hair of medium length, thick, straight and dense, its color black, wolf like, tawny or yellowish, in a fair, striped or white-spotted pattern.
Temperament	An excellent, safe and self-confident guard dog particularly alert at night. It's not a dog for beginners. It needs a handler who naturally radiates leadership. Calm, steadfast, and brave, but not aggressive. Independent, very watchful, and self-assured. Affectionate with their own family, but suspicious of strangers, especially after dark. The dog can be stubborn and dominant. When training the Rafeiro do Alentejo, the best results are achieved by motivational training methods with a determined, consistent and loving approach. It is very important to begin training as early as possible, because a fully grown dog may be too strong and too big to be corrected and because this dog has his own ideas and will not cater to his owner's every whim. Sensitive to reprimands and eager to receive affection. They will generally get along with other animals provided they have been introduced to them when they are still young. It is important to socialize them while they are still young. These dogs mature quite slowly, reaching full adulthood at about four years old. They guard, but do not herd, livestock. They do not eat much for their size. Extensive early socialization, obedience training and consistent dominant leadership are very important when owning a Rafeiro do Alentejo. This is not the kind of dog to learn useless tricks; they usually want to keep their energy for the real work. Do not allow the Rafeiro do Alentejo to over exert themselves, such as, jumping, running and going up and down stairs, when it is a puppy. The reason is; it needs to save time and energy to develop healthy bones, muscles and tendons. With its highly noble character, it is tough to strangers but docile with children. Undoubtedly a dog more for defense than attack, unmistakable by the low, deep tone of its barking, which can be heard a long way off. Because of its powerful fangs, its courage, and for a dog of its size it is (very fast) it is often used in packs for game, wild boar and other large game hunting. This is a corpulent, sober dog, a dog of peaceful demeanor.
Height, Weight	Height: Males 27-28 inches (66-75 cm.) Females 25-28 inches (64 - 70 cm.) (maximum limits may be slightly surpassed, provided that proportions and functions are respected). Weight: Males 110-132 pounds (50-60 kg.) Females 100-121 pounds (45-55 kg.)
Health Problems	Hip dysplasia may occur, but is not very common.
Living Conditions	The Rafeiro do Alentejo is not recommended for apartment life. It is relatively inactive indoors and will do best with at least a large yard. This breed is very suspicious of strangers, and it is therefore necessary to provide a secure, fenced yard.
Exercise	When fully mature, this breed has an (average, low) need for exercise. If not actively working, it needs to be taken on a daily walk or jog.
Life Expectancy	About 12 years
Grooming	This breed requires little grooming. The coat needs thorough brushing-out during the twice a year shedding season. You can get away with little attention the rest of the year. The Rafeiro do Alentejo is a seasonal, heavy shedder.
Origin	The Rafeiro do Alentejo are often claimed to be descended from huge dogs on the vast Tibetan highlands, thousands of years ago. These powerful mastiffs are commonly said to have migrated slowly westwards into Asia Minor. They are thought to have crossed the Balkans, following the Roman legions from the Black Sea to the shores of the Atlantic. Over so vast an area and through centuries of natural selection, they acquired characteristics of their own, which eventually differentiated them from region to region. In the Iberian Peninsula, tribes whose subsistence was based on the exploitation of cattle undoubtedly gave these dogs of great strength and size the unique task of protecting them against rival tribes and cattle rustlers. One could say that the Rafeiro, regarding its origin, looks, character and function is between the Anatolian Shepherd Dog and the Spanish Mastiff, (the perfect dog). In Portugal, with the geographic and climatic differences between North and South, the need soon arose of moving the cattle annually in search of better pastures. Consequently, for centuries, huge herds, accompanied by powerful mastiffs, were driven between the northern region of Douro and the Alentejo hinterland. As the population settled down, the dogs eventually remained in the southern prairies, where they adapted and began to be used to guard, not only the herds, but especially, in time, the big rural estates. However, it was not before 1953 that, thanks to a census carried out at the end of the 1940's by two distinguished sinologists (Ant髇io Cabral and Filipe Romeiras), the official standard of the Rafeiro of Alentejo was established. In the 60's and 70's this breed declined dramatically, both in quality and quantity, the most critical point being reached in the early 80's. It is, however, with great satisfaction that we can say that at the turn of the century this situation has been overcome, thanks to the zeal of a small but resolute group of breeders, who, with dedication and perseverance, are carrying out the rewarding task of ensuring the continuity of the Rafeiro do Alentejo. Today, even though the work must continue unabated, we can say that this precious heritage will be bestowed on future generations

葡萄牙獒的标准

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-3 12:24
ESTRELA MOUNTAIN DOG
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葡萄牙埃什斯特拉山犬（ESTRELA MOUNTAIN DOG）

　　原产地：葡萄牙
　　起源时期：中世纪
　　起初用途：畜牧犬
　　现在用途：伴侣犬，畜牧犬
　　体重范围：30－50千克
　　体高范围：62－67厘米
育种历史:
　　在葡萄牙的所有犬中，这是非常流行的犬，而且在伊比利亚半岛也是最古老的犬种之一。
它起源于西方的亚洲猛犬，与西班牙猛犬有一定的亲缘关系。
在20世纪早期，由于与德国牧羊犬杂交，其血统变得不太纯，不过现在已产生了纯正的犬种。
品种介绍:
　　多个世纪以来，这种猛犬陪伴着葡萄牙埃什斯特拉山脉的牧民，放牧和护卫畜群免受狼的袭击。
双层稠密的长毛确保其耐寒。虽然部分犬仍然发挥着放牧和护卫的作用，
但现在这种稳重的犬主要还是做伴侣犬。在葡萄牙以外，特别是英国，这个品种引起了很高的重视，
经常在犬的展览中见到。虽然该犬臀部发育异常，并且需要严格调教，但通常它是健康的犬种，
它的眼中等大小，呈卵圆形，位于水平位置，前肢骨骼结实，外层被毛与底层被毛一样厚实，但前者比后者黑。

作者: 无法自拔 时间: 2010-8-3 12:34
大家不必客气，这种发资料套贴图的东西对如云烟来说简直就是得心应手，如履平地，易如反掌，,小菜一碟.......

作者: coffefox 时间: 2010-8-3 21:14
{:4_95:}为了此贴能够继续，恩恩，需要帮顶一下

作者: 怀念老虎 时间: 2010-8-3 21:26
楼主辛苦了

作者: enginechan 时间: 2010-8-4 00:59
{:5_118:}支持

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-4 17:43
狂顶！！
狂顶！！

作者: 勇敢的心1986 时间: 2010-8-4 18:57
为了此贴能够继续，恩恩，需要帮顶一下

作者: 无法自拔 时间: 2010-8-4 19:27
如云烟，在此插个问题，我严重怀疑小猎犭更的祖先混有古老亚洲豺的血，以您的认识觉得有没有这个可能？

作者: 雾非雨 时间: 2010-8-5 10:39
{:5_135:}顶楼主！再接再厉！！

作者: LLM 时间: 2010-8-5 22:04
慢慢搞成中文啦，如果想给大家看的话

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-6 19:30

如云烟，在此插个问题，我严重怀疑小猎犭更的祖先混有古老亚洲豺的血，以您的认识觉得有没有这个可能？
无法自拔发表于 2010-8-4 19:27

--------------

从基因角度  梗犬和别的家犬毫无区别

但从性情角度  我也实在看不出它们象狗  特别是猎梗一族

小巧而极端  嗜血又好斗  超高兴奋度等这些确是象豺

但从齿式上  我所统记过的猎梗  猎狐梗类的

都是42  没有40的

帕特梗和郊狼的基因99%是一致的

从生物学角度

犬科内部各大属的混血是存在并多样性的

最出名的就是红狼和狼狗

而其中  犬属（Canis）内的杂交最多  狐属也不少

最少的就是豺属  与之相关的很少

这也可能和它们群体性超强或侵略性有关

在非野种群最鼎盛  也没家犬与之相关的杂交资料

所以  我认为  梗犬还是和狼或郊狼关系更大

性情上  我倒觉得蜜獾  狼獾等鼬科怪物和猎梗更象

勇往直前 ...

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-6 19:32

慢慢搞成中文啦，如果想给大家看的话
LLM 发表于 2010-8-5 22:04

请耐心往下翻如果你只看到前10楼的话 ... {:5_133:}

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-6 19:34
最近家里出了点事时间太紧

望大家见谅空的话我会逐一贴出来

作者: LLM 时间: 2010-8-6 23:43

请耐心往下翻如果你只看到前10楼的话 ...
如云烟发表于 2010-8-6 19:32

我看到的，但是你没按原文翻译，
文章的量也有你贴出来的英文文章的量有大大的不同。
不是没看也不是说三道四，
只是觉得很好的帖子，应该耐心翻译完，能给大家看这样的真不错的，这样的在这里很少。
云烟继续努力啦！。

作者: crazy2022 时间: 2010-8-8 02:01
楼主辛苦再接再厉

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-8 09:08

我看到的，但是你没按原文翻译，
文章的量也有你贴出来的英文文章的量有大大的不同。
不是没看 ...
LLM 发表于 2010-8-6 23:43

-----------

按目前进度只能先把一些比较陌生的猛犬类先贴出来

版主或别的兄弟要有时间或资料也可以添加或更正

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-8 09:14
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-8 09:31 编辑

法国狼犬

Beauceron

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法国狼犬

法国狼犬是法国最著名的牧羊犬之一，
外表使人联想起多伯曼狗。可从它较长的尾巴和一只残留趾来区别两者间的不同。
法国境内经常剪去耳尖。最早用来猎野猪，后来因为聪明和适应性强而转于牧羊，
战时甚至还用它来传递消息。别名“波什罗奇”是指腿上有褐色斑块的狗而言。

　　品种名称：法国狼犬

　　英文名称：Beauceron

　　体型分类：大型

　　犬种分类：牧羊犬

　　身高：64-71厘米

　　体重：30-39公斤

　　产地：原产地法国，起源于16世纪

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历史　　法国狼犬是法国牧羊犬中个体最大的,虽然其他国家对它所知不多,但它的确是法国本地培育的非常古老的纯种狗。以法国Beauce地区命名。别名有:法国短毛牧羊犬,Beauce牧羊犬,波什罗奇(Bas Rouge,即红袜子的意思,因为法国狼犬的四肢下部呈褐红色)。法国狼犬(Beauceron)虽然以Beauce地区名字命名,但据说是起源于布里,它们和布里犬虽然外观上大不相同,但却有着共同的祖先。

　　在1587年文献记载首次对法国狼犬做了描述。到了1809年一个牧师在一篇文章中第一次描述了法国狼犬和布里犬的区别。19世纪后期养有牛羊的农场主们举行了一次集会并做出决定，命名长披发的狗为布里犬，短毛犬命名为Beauceron（即法国狼犬）。19世纪末期，波尔·摩根开始研究两者之间的辨别问题，并制定了法国狼犬的辨识标准，1922年在摩根的领导下成立了法国狼犬俱乐部。法国狼犬标准100年来进行了6次修订，最后一次修订是在2001年并于当年的11月29日开始执行。

　　从60年代，法国狼犬在法国普遍被豢养，但是最近才在国外许多国家受欢迎，其中包括美国。最吸引人的是它们的外观和性格。法国作家甚至给他贴上“法国绅士”的标签。

　　法国狼犬是一个可以广泛应用的品种,曾一度被用来猎取野猪,并在很长一段时间里扮演三种角色：放牧犬（放牧牛羊等），警卫犬和家庭护卫犬。在两次欧洲的世界大战中,也曾被军方用来做传递信息、供应物品搬运、探测地雷、救助伤员等。今天它们依然是优秀的军犬和警犬，另外也作为家庭护卫犬和伴侣犬。

外观　　法国狼犬看起来体型较大,肌肉发达,有力量,一付无所畏惧的派头. 但并不笨重.头部比较长,头骨平或微拱。长吻部，黑鼻子，两耳下折（近来直竖耳朵也被接受）。颈部强而有力。足呈圆形，长着黑指甲。后腿上有一残留趾。法国狼犬有短但厚的皮毛，紧密平滑，只是在腿、尾巴下侧、肋腹面有一些较长的垂下的毛边。标准的皮毛颜色是是黑和棕褐色、黑色、杂色。曾经一度流行的黄褐色(茶色),灰色,灰和黑色等被现在的标准摒弃。多数在眼睛上方、喉部、胸部、四肢、尾巴下侧呈红棕色。

性情　　无所畏惧，大胆而警惕，十分勇敢。它能和认识的狗、猫等其他动物和平相处。具有终其一生不改变的平衡稳定的个性，一旦适应了主人及其家庭，绝对忠诚，时刻准备听候主人的吩咐，与家庭联系紧密程度不亚于家庭一员。非常勇敢，并以保护家庭和财物为己任，敢于向任何侵入者挑战。执行命令迅速敏捷，对主人的情绪非常敏感。对分派的工作十分认真。它并不乐于呆在狗舍里。在孩童面前会控制自己，法国狼犬沉静而平和，非常温顺。具有高度智商和超强的记忆力，法国狼犬对主人的命令敏感程度令人吃惊，以至于很多人认为它与主人心灵相通。由于法国狼犬的本性，应该尽早开始着手训练其服从的社会要求。中精力充沛的狗类，在野外环境因为它可以有更多的游戏锻炼的时间，法国狼狗会做的更出色。没有缘由不会吠叫。不能容忍不公正的惩罚。抚爱被认为是最好的奖赏。

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作者: 想养猛犬 时间: 2010-8-9 07:39
好贴、好狗、好人、不过最好的还那四条黄色的母狗

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-9 09:19
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-9 09:36 编辑

莫斯科獒

Moscow Mastiff

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Moscow Mastiff

Yet another breed developed in the post WW2 Soviet Union, the Moscow Mastiff shouldn't be confused with the Old Russian Dogge, a breed belonging to the Mordash group of baiting dogs,

which reportedly inspired its creation. It was established by crossing the Deutsche Dogge with the Byelorussian Ovtcharka, although other breeds have been suggested as well, such as

the German Shepherd Dog and the Central Asian Volkodav. Conformation was set rather quickly and the Standard was written in 1964. Although seemingly superiour to its parent breeds,

the Moscow Mastiff failed to catch on with the Red Army and the programme was eventually abandoned. Many dogs were placed in civilian homes, while a number of them remained

at the breeding kennels, where they were used in other experiments, such as the development of the Black Russian Terrier. The Moscow Mastiff is considered to be extinct today, with

only a handful of remaining specimens believed to exist in Russia.

Tall, powerful and massive, the dry-mouthed Moscow Mastiff is slightly heavier than the Great Dane, but appears very elegant and graceful. Strong-legged, with a muscular neck and
straight back, it is an impressive and attractive Moloss. Primarily a property guardian, this is also a very trainable and obedient service dog, as well as a well-mannered family companion.
The coat is densely undercoated and slightly longer than that of the German Dogge, coming in red, fawn, yellow, black and brindle colourings. Average height is around 30 inches.

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莫斯科獒

也叫红星獒

这个品种是苏联在二战后开发培育的

莫斯科獒不同于别的牧羊犬，这个品种是属于摩罗萨斗牛血统

它们身材高大，强壮有力，但非常优雅和挺拔。

有强健的腿部和颈部肌肉，背部直，

这是一种令人印象深刻以及有吸引力的大狗。

主要是财产的看护，

同时也是可训度很高的工作犬，以及有良好礼貌的家庭伴侣犬。

它们的毛色主要是红色，米色，黄色，黑色和虎斑

平均高度约为30英寸。

目前红星獒在被ar_my放弃后，在民间很少

下面是几种苏联时期军用培育的红星军犬

Mastín moscovita (moscow great dane, moscow mastiff) Cruce Dogo Alemán y Perro de Pastor de Europa del Este

Un perro que, en realidad no existe, no oficialmente, y que se obtuvo fundamentalmente mediante el cruce de Dogo Alemán y Perro de Pastor de Europa del Este (perros de pastor rusos) - East European Ovcharka- raza no reconocida por la F.C.I.

莫斯科獒
Perro de guarda moscovita (moscow watchdog) Cruce Perro de Pastor del Caúcaso y San Bernardo.

Se trata de una raza “consolidada” en Rusia, no reconocida por la FCI y que prácticamente sólo existe en Rusia. Se obtiene del cruce entre el Caucasian o Kavkazskaïa Ovtcharka –Perro de Pastor del Caúcaso- y San Bernardo.

莫斯科看护犬

Perro de agua moscovita
(moscow diver, moscow vodolaf, moscow wodolaf) Cruce Terranova, Perro de Pastor de Europa del Este, Perro de Pastor del Caúcaso y Pastor Alemán

Que realmente no sé si existe hoy como raza en Rusia (es imposible encontrar información fiable en Internet y mucho menos buenas fotografías) pero que, al parecer es una raza extinguida que guardaría parecido con el Terranova del que podría derivar merced a cruces con Caucasian y el Pastor de Europa del Este. Podría ser más o menos algo así..

红星犬
Terrier Negro
巨黑梗
(black terrier) Cruces entre Aireadle, Schnauzer Gigante, Terranova y Rottweiler

Fue este último grupo el que realmente acabó constituyendo la base de la cría del Terrier Negro Ruso. De hecho el nombre oficial (FCI) de la raza es (Tchiorny terrier) o sea Terrier Negro

这是红星军用犬的链接 http://www.terrierruso.com/historia.htm

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-9 10:10
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-9 10:19 编辑

亚美尼亚牧羊犬

亚美尼亚牧羊也是中亚大家族的一个分支

但该亚种有比较显著的毛皮特征和尾部特点

它们一般多为烟灰杂灰狼青或虎斑色

尾一般全留或留2/3

体型中等一般100磅-110磅高28英寸

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作者: aliding 时间: 2010-8-9 12:51
{:5_129:}{:5_129:}{:5_129:}

作者: a197922 时间: 2010-8-9 13:13
路过必顶,楼主辛苦了.{:5_143:}

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-10 09:56
1  安纳托利亚牧羊这是被 FCI 认可的官方品种所以  外人对土猛就统称安纳托利亚

这也是被外界了解最多  我们最熟悉的一个土猛分支

特征  高大  细卷尾  毛色为烟灰或米色  头吻部细长  大多为黑色

这是土对外输出最多的犬种  也是最纯正的牧区看护犬

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昨天 10:39

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昨天 10:39

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昨天 10:39

肩高：雄性 74－81CM，雌性 71－79CM
雄性 50－65KG，雌性 40－55KG

2 坎高

这是体型最高大  也是大家喜欢土猛的主要核心

它们有非常明显的獒犬特征高大  阔嘴  性格凶猛

它们在土国内的地位是最高且唯一被认可的獒犬

这些犬身上有很强的马士提夫痕迹

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昨天 10:48

看这些巨獒的体型和头版和大多数牧羊犬

包括安纳托利亚还是有本质区别的

再细细看下它们的头版

这是典型的马士提夫阔嘴垂唇大额

和英獒比只是毛量略大以及花色多

面部折痕少而以

再看它们的历史

现在的在欧洲的有部分坎高

应该加入了英獒的血统反之

是否也可说坎高本就是欧陆巨獒的祖先 ...

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-10 09:56
3 卡拉斯牧羊犬

这是土东部山区的一种大型牧羊犬  毛比安纳托利亚和坎高都要略长

以深色和虎斑为主体

吻部和亚美尼亚牧羊很象  有很强的斯坦中亚牧羊犬痕迹

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11 分钟前

4 小亚细亚牧羊犬也叫阿可巴什

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19 分钟前

这是欧洲牧羊犬特别象意大利马雷卡中部牧羊等的直系祖先

该牧羊犬毛色为纯白尾相比坎高要蓬松且大得多一般也截耳

最出名的那张象白熊那样啃骨头以及在美国牧羊最多的就是该品种

作者: 萧山中亚 时间: 2010-8-13 14:59
{:4_105:}{:4_105:}

作者: 想养猛犬 时间: 2010-8-13 20:04
好贴、好狗、好人、就的顶{:4_106:}{:4_101:}

作者: 万福 时间: 2010-8-14 08:42
楼主辛苦！

作者: smoke85 时间: 2010-8-15 09:37
好贴.学习了.

作者: wq2216150 时间: 2010-8-15 12:49
看贴回贴是美德

作者: 雨天落泪 时间: 2010-8-15 23:21
看不懂``拿分走人```

作者: 缴枪 时间: 2010-8-16 23:11

顶顶顶顶……

作者: hyz63635866 时间: 2010-8-17 08:47
楼主辛苦了

作者: harleychan 时间: 2010-8-17 23:03
顶！好帖！！！！！

作者: hangxin 时间: 2010-8-17 23:35
在中亚板块顶在这里也顶好贴楼主辛苦{:4_93:}

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-18 13:04
本帖最后由 hereuare 于 2010-8-18 13:08 编辑

1 安纳托利亚牧羊这是被 FCI 认可的官方品种所以外人对土猛就统称安纳托利亚

这也是被外界了解 ...
如云烟发表于 2010-8-10 09:56

LZ我关于kangal的说法，想和你讨论一下，最主要是你的头型，请看下列站点（这些是谷歌上最靠前的一些网站，也就是相对认可度比较大的一些网站）： http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangal_Dog
http://kangalclub.com/
http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/kangaldog.htm

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-18 13:31

LZ我关于kangal的说法，想和你讨论一下，最主要是你的头型，请看下列站点（这些是谷歌上最靠前的一 ...
hereuare 发表于 2010-8-18 13:04

-------------

关于安纳托利亚及坎高可能比中亚及阿拉拜的定性更复杂

维基的资料侧重点是在安纳托利亚身上

外面对土国内  目前已开始将两者很明显的区分对待了

但原先的很多资料和图片  一直在沿用并被大家所认知！

很多的安纳托利亚图片  就是用的坎高

而我们找的坎高图很多是阿卡巴什和安纳

我整理这些帖就是想提供个平台  让广大的土猛爱好者一起交流心得

我目前所知的一些信息关于坎高这其实就是种大型马士提夫

它们和别的几种土猛的最大区别就是体型和头吻部的獒犬特征！

另外  安纳牧羊是不允许大花色和分额过胸的

对于很多安纳和坎高图片混用的现象

最合理的解释就是老外们只认安纳一种

而土国内并没严格的血统培育体系

他们对外展示的无论是坎高  阿卡巴什安纳名就叫安纳托利亚

而对于专业玩家坎高  才是最吸引我们的重点巨大  强悍而古老

所以  和藏獒一样  各种奇怪和有趣的现象在土国内也出现

挂的坎高的名狗是安纳托利亚和杂交品种 ...

纯的坎高我想土国内也不会多！

欧洲很多的坎高是混了英獒血统的！

上面只是我的一些个人看法只做参考望大家多指正！！！

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-18 20:29

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关于安纳托利亚及坎高可能比中亚及阿拉拜的定性更复杂

维基的资料侧 ...
如云烟发表于 2010-8-18 13:31

多谢您的回复。
您关于纯种kangal是獒型的说法，您可否共享一下这方面的资料，我也很想有机会学习一下，谢谢。

作者: Potter 时间: 2010-8-18 21:46
好东西。楼主继续啊

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-19 13:06
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-19 13:34 编辑

多谢您的回复。
您关于纯种kangal是獒型的说法，您可否共享一下这方面的资料，我也很想有机 ...
hereuare 发表于 2010-8-18 20:29

------------------------------------------------

好那我们就慢慢的一一分析才能清楚坎高的来隆去脉！

首先  我们从坎高的起源和历史说起

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History
Origins
Sculptures of dogs bearing some resemblance to the Kangals of modern-day Turkey, are seen accompanying the hunting parties of the Assyrian King Ashurbanipal.
A large, powerful breed described as "Indian Hound" is mentioned in the writings of Herodotus as being kept by the Babylonians.

The Kangal in Turkey
A contemporary national treasure in Turkey, the Kangal dog is one of over 30 livestock guardian breeds from various countries in Europe and Asia. Each is
considered an important part of the culture and history of its region. To protect and conserve the genetic purity of the Kangal Dog, the government of Turkey
has established several state-sponsored breeding centers.
Although Mustafa Kemal Atatürk introduced many measures to replace Turkey's Islamic law with a secular system, many of the religious traditions still remain,
one being the belief that the dog is an unclean animal that should not be allowed to enter a household. Dogs are however tolerated around human
habitations and Kangal dogs are a common sight wi

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坎高的历史和起源

现在的土尔其坎高就与古亚述獒的碉像很相象

[attach]676453[/attach]

在当时，它们是一种被亚述国王用作狩猎的大型的獒犬

About 5000-2500 years ago there were three different types of Mastiff breeds found in and around the area of Persia to India. Theses breeds were: Assyrian mastiff, Indian mastiff and the Alaunt.
One of the best known dogs at that times was the "Assyrian dog" which were used as hunting and guardian dogs. When the Assyrian empire crumbled the Medes and the Persians (the first rulers of ancient Iran) and all the hunts-men kings of the orient, gave huge payments for these magnificent dogs, whose role seems to have been as important as that of the greyhound in the history of the canine race. At "Shush Fortress" in south western Iran there is a form of these dogs (with black colour) that gallops for hunting with some riders.

The Persian Army used Indian dogs (mastiffs) but just for guarding and not for suicide jobs. Herodotus (Greek author born ca. 484 B.C.) writes in his book that heavy powerful dogs "Indian mastiffs" were introduced into Greece by Xerxes the First when he marched toward this country (486-465 B.C.). Alexander the Great on his return from India, brought back a very similar type of dog. Even in this time one of the largest "Satraps" of Persia in Babylon paid all of its taxes for the expenses of breeding and to take care of these dogs (Herodotus, 1.192) that guarded the soldiers camps and captured enemies prisoners.
These Indian Mastiffs originated in and around the desert area of Kutch, the Rajasthan area and Bhawalpur area of Punjab. A part of the Kutch area in Rajasthan was under the Sindh District and hence the other name of this breed is Sindh Mastiff. At present a part of the Sindh area now fall under Pakistan and so does the Bhawalpur area.
This breed is not to be confused with the Hyrcanian Breed which was also prevalent in the Indian zone. The Hyrcanians were basically wild dogs which were cattle killers. Later they were used as war dogs by the armies of Alexander the Great. These hyrcanians came down to more deeper inside India, inside the Kumaon district to become the Kumaon Mastiff, also known as the Cypro Kukur.

------------------------------

5000-2500年前，在波斯和印度有三个不同类型的獒犬品种。

就是所谓的亚述獒  印度獒  亚细亚獒

这些品种和克什米尔地区或巴基斯坦的猛犬也是有源缘的

只是后来的分支不同

在军事化中  印度獒的作用是为了守卫和利用这些狗看护战俘

在民间  一些波斯獒被用作斗牛和打斗玩乐  这就是库达的前身

在波斯贵族们用亚细亚獒打猎和放牧  这就是土猛的前身

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另外  关于中亚地区庞大的獒犬家族其关系都很亲密

Wynn 在1886写道:"..如果亚洲獒的历史只是从最早时期简略追溯到现在，那么给亚洲獒精确命名就会很困难．

或者给一个广义的名词能概括它们的特色鲜明的性状多样性，它们必定能毫不犹豫地被归类与獒类家族．

它们的地理分布却极其广泛，从高加索山脉到阿尔卑斯山脉山谷，

从北方的土库曼斯坦到喜玛拉雅山脉，跨过青藏高原缅甸蒙古和西伯利亚

所以无论坎高是从中亚一脉而来

还是古巴比伦獒  亚述獒  又或就是亚细亚獒

它们是巨大  强悍  而古老的獒犬是无庸置疑的 ........

这是只在美国的6个月小坎高

它身上处处所体现出的

不正是最典型的獒犬风范吗？

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点击文件名下载附件

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-19 13:37
最后再强调一下

不要把坎高和阿卡巴什或安钠托利亚混淆

就如同不能把留尾的亚美尼亚牧羊或北高加索牧羊当土猛一样

这些还是有很大区别的 ...

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-20 01:06
我在想土耳其其实就是突厥人，汉朝时的匈奴人，他们是从我国边境的中亚地区被驱逐并最后定居在存在古亚述獒的亚欧交接地区的。我觉得似乎他们的狗更应该就是中亚地区以阿拉拜为代表的牧羊犬的后代.
LZ你怎么看？

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-20 11:06
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-20 11:16 编辑

我在想土耳其其实就是突厥人，汉朝时的匈奴人，他们是从我国边境的中亚地区被驱逐并最后定居在存在古亚述獒 ...
hereuare 发表于 2010-8-20 01:06

-------------------------------

首先定性一个国家和民族的成分  起源和性质  最好要有相关的基础及阅读大量的人文资料

关于土尔其的人种构成是历经千万年的历史长河的洗理和交替而构成的民族大融合

自从史前时代以来，土耳其就一直是不同种族和文化的熔炉

大部分土耳其人都是穆斯林，以逊尼派为主

少量的基督教徒和犹太教徒主要居住在伊斯坦布尔、安卡拉和伊兹密尔

民族主要由 土耳其人库尔德人阿拉伯人亚美尼亚人等组成

公元前7000年以前，安纳托利亚便开始有人居住，公元前1900年左右被印欧赫梯人占领，他们随后建立了一个强国

几千年来安纳托利亚地区经历了弗里吉亚人  吕底亚人  亚美尼亚人  波斯帝国  罗马人  等各个王朝

11世纪时，突厥游牧部落“乌古思”侵入安纳托利亚。凯伊人奥斯曼一世建立了奥斯曼正朝

关于土猛的来源  我可以确定的只有两点

1  在土的卡拉斯牧羊犬  其实就是亚美尼亚牧羊的一支  同时  它们也主要由亚美尼亚族人喂养

2  在安纳托利亚地区  安纳托利亚牧羊是由纯正的突厥牧羊犬和原先的亚细亚獒融合而来

关于坎高  我个人认为  它是古亚述獒的直系后裔  就是我们所说的古魔罗萨

并对阿卡巴什等当地牧犬的血统进行了改良帮助 ...

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-20 11:09
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-20 11:13 编辑

另外  我又一次说明

阿拉拜不是中亚的分支  只是土库曼牧羊的一个别称

中亚的标准就是在土库曼牧羊的基础上建立的

土库曼牧羊  既是中亚的起源点也是代表基础！

不要再特别说明阿拉拜  它就是花狗的意思

除非重新确定中亚标准和分类！

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-20 21:31

另外我又一次说明

阿拉拜不是中亚的分支只是土库曼牧羊的一个别称

中亚的标准就是在土库曼牧羊 ...
如云烟发表于 2010-8-20 11:09

完全同意

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-20 21:58
本帖最后由 hereuare 于 2010-8-20 22:20 编辑

-------------------------------

首先定性一个国家和民族的成分起源和性质最好要有 ...
如云烟发表于 2010-8-20 11:06

LZ您提供的那些kangal的照片是出自哪里？比如如下的这些图片，可否提供原始链接或资料，我很想看一下包括文字在内的更详细的资料，学习一下。

2 坎高

这是体型最高大也是大家喜欢土猛的主要核心

它们有非常明显的獒犬特征高大阔嘴性格凶猛

它们在土国内的地位是最高且唯一被认可的獒犬

这些犬身上有很强的马士提夫痕迹

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谢谢，很高兴能和你继续交流！

作者: 顾世博 时间: 2010-8-20 23:32
楼主辛苦了

作者: 泰安猛犬 时间: 2010-8-21 03:38
回帖是一种美德

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-21 14:37
Ca De Bou  卡博特斗牛犬

| Ca De Bou | Mer om rasen | Rasstandard | Bilder |
Ca De Bou (film)

Två av mina Ca de Bou svalkar sig i vattnet från spridaren
   som ska vattna fruktodlingarna. Kommer äpplena att
                                 smaka blöt hund?
Information om rasen
Andra namn: Perro Dogo Mallorquin, Mallorca mastiff, Mallorquin Mastiff
Mallorquin Bulldog, Majorca Mastiff, Majorcan Bulldog

Ca de Bou (Perro Dogo Mallorquin).
Gråsparvar är svårfångade men sååå goda!

Det är en medelstor, kraftig men smidig hund av bulldogstyp. Den ska ha tydlig könsprägling och det stora kvadratiska huvudet ska hos hanhunden ha en omkrets som överstiger mankhöjden. En Ca de Bou ska ge ett kraftfullt intryck.
Ca de Bou är en mycket lämplig sällskaps/familje och vakthund men används också med stor framgång som brukshund.

Valpar, Ca de Bou och Homo Sapiens.

Perro dogo Mallorquin är hundens officiella namn men kallas i dagligt tal för Ca de Bou som betyder tjurhund (bulldog). Redan i början av 1700-talet fanns det moloss liknande hundar på Mallorca som användes för vakt. När Mallorca blev Brittisk koloni 1713 tog britterna med sig både bulldog och intresset för kamp mellan hundar och även hundar och tjurar. Kampsporten blev mycket populär och Mallorkinerna utvecklade Ca de Bou.

Soffkudde.

När hundkamp förbjöds sjönk intresset för rasen men den var ändå så pass vanlig att det 1931 skrevs den första officiella rasstandarden. Spanska inbördeskriget och det andra världskriget utplånade vad som tidigare hade funnits av rasen. Hundrasen godkändes av FCI (The Fédération Cynologique Internationale) 1964 vilket anses ha varit ett misstag då hunden vid den tiden var praktiskt taget utdöd.
På 1980-talet gjordes de första vettiga försöken till att återskapa hundrasen bland annat med avelsmaterial från korsningar mellan Ca de Bestiar och Bulldog.

Det är en mycket stark och duglig hundras.
Att ta sig upp på stora och isiga halmbalar är inget problem.

Ca de Bou är något mindre än Rottweilern men fortfarande en ganska stor hundras. Den är kraftig och välmusklad men ändå rörlig och smidig. Det är en vaksam och pålitlig vakthund men även en trygg och stabil familjehund.

Världens sötaste surpuppa. Darth Mirage de Vautrecoeur.
Mamma till vår Sanchez.

Varför Ca de Bou?

Ja, varför faller man för en viss hundras egentligen? Vad får en att köpa en valp osedd av en ras som man inte annat än har läst om?
Ja det är väl känsla, en sorts inre övertygelse att just denna hundras är som gjord för mig. Nu är det ändå så att Ca de Bou är liksom Rottweiler och Dogue de Bordeaux en hund av molossertyp och denna grupp tilltalar mig med sitt lite slöa men vaksamma och pålitliga sätt.

Lika barn leka bäst.

När jag sedan fick möjlighet att träffa hundar av rasen i verklighet och hämta hem min första egna valp så visste jag att det var en fullträff. Hunden påminner mycket både om Rottweiler och Dogue de Bordeaux, som ju också är favoritraser.

Rasstandard

Fakta Ca de Bou

Namn: Ca de Bou. Namnet är mallorkinska och betyder tjurhund.Det officiella spanska namnet är Perro dogo Mallorquin.Den kallas även Mallorca mastiff, Mallorquin Mastiff, Mallorquin Bulldog, Majorca Mastiff, Majorcan Bulldog
Hemland: Ön Mallorca, Spanien.
Rasgrupp: Grupp 2, Molosser, FCI nr 249
Storlek: Mankhöjd hanhund 55-58 cm, tik 52-55.
Vikt: Hanhund 35-38 kg, tik 30-34 kg.
Färg: Brindle, fawn eller svart. Färgerna föredras i nämnda ordning. Hos brindlefärgade hundar föredras mörka nyanser. Hos
fawnfärgade hundar föredras djupa nyanser. Vita tecken tillåts på
framtassarna, förbröstet, nospartiet, upp till högst 30 % av hela
pälsen. Svart mask är också tillåtet.

Läs Rasstandard för Ca de Bou här.

Ca De Bou Flickan Frekes Arya aka Nåna är syster till vår Sanchez och bor på Snapphaneklanens

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-21 14:44
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-21 14:47 编辑

英文名：		CADE BOU

品种：		畜牧与守卫犬

性格特征：		斗志旺盛，不容易与别的犬相处，会麻烦，不是和做小孩的伙伴。耐热，不需要梳理毛。

用途变化：		起源时期：17世纪,起初用途：斗牛犬、斗犬,现在用途：伴侣犬

产地血统：		多个世纪以来，这种獒类犬用作与牛或其他犬相角逐。在巴利阿里群岛许多港口附近，斗犬是一种非常流行且盛大的运动。卡迪博犬作为一种牧牛犬，深受当地斗犬爱好者的欢迎。斗牛、斗犬被禁止后，该犬种大量减少，但后来被当地一些爱好者挽救，并促使其参加展出。虽然它仍保持强悍、机警以及过去那种好斗的性格。但通过圈养后这种犬由过去的凶猛转为如今的温顺，是一种忠于主人的伴侣犬。

体型体重：		身高：56厘米~58厘米　　体重：35公斤~36公斤

寿命：		10-12年

毛色特征：		淡黄色短毛，金色短毛，红色短毛

体态特征：		颈部厚实粗大，被颈圈围绕，颌强颈有力，头生来就宽大，被毛短、粗硬而光滑，无下层绒毛，臀部稍高于肩部，前肢比后肢约短2.5厘米

优缺点点评：		勇敢独立，斗志旺盛，必须接受严格的训练。需要大量的空间来运动

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作者: 雾非雨 时间: 2010-8-21 15:14
{:5_135:}楼主辛苦！！请继续！！再次对您说声谢谢！

作者: 狼族007 时间: 2010-8-21 21:45

楼主这才是真正的精华帖！

作者: LLM 时间: 2010-8-22 00:09
望待你发完之后，能通知管理整理和顺序此贴，
加精置顶。

作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-22 00:34
我也来跟随lz,
CA DA BOU （马洛昆斗牛）
Height and Weight: Males are 18 to 24 inches and 60 to 100 pounds; females areand 50 - 85 pounds

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-22 20:02
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-22 20:06 编辑

大比利牛斯獒 Pyrenean Mastiff

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Description: Originating from Spain, the Pyrenean Mastiff, or Perro Mastin del Pireneo, is a large flock-guarding breed developed for fighting off predators of sheep such as bear and wolf. The breed is rather large, reaching 34 inches in height, and weighing up to 175 lbs. They have medium length fur in the form of a good coat, but not nearly as profuse as the Great Pyrenees Dog. Pyrenean Mastiffs are very calm and have a kindly disposition. They are fine with other animals and dogs, as long as their family or property is not threatened. If property is threatened, the Pyrenean Mastiff can become very dreadful to whoever is endangering his property. It has been said about the Pyrenean Mastiff that he has a "clear concept of his strength". They can be very brave when it comes to defending their own. But with family and friends, this Mastiff is docile and friendly. An excellent guard as well as a calm and sweet friend, the Pyrenean Mastiff can make a home more secure as well as joyous at the same time.
Other Names: Perro Mastin del Pireneo, Mastin del Pirineo, Mastin d'Aragon
Type: Mastiff

Height:28.5 - 34 inches.
Weight: 120 - 175 lbs

Colors: Basically white and always with a well defined mask, marks similar in color to that of the mask spread over the body, with irregular but well defined shape. Ears always marked. Totally white or tri-colored animals not preferred; the most appreciated colors are pure white, snow white with medium gray marks, deep gold-sand, dusk, black, silver gray, light tan, sand, brindle, red for the marks or yellowish white for the whole not desired.
Coat: Half long, thick and laying flat to the body, the ideal medium length will be of 6 to 9cm at the middle of the back and longer at the shoulder, neck, stomach and behind hind and forelegs, as well as in the tail panache. Never woolly.

Temperament: The Pyrenean Mastiff is meek, docile and extremely intelligent. Pyrenean Mastiffs are very brave and fierce with strangers. They show extreme benevolence with other dogs knowing of its strength. Should a threat arise, the Pyrenean Mastiff is skilled at fighting, remembering its acquired behavior in the fight with wolves. They have a deep and intense bark, but are usually quiet. Pyrenean Mastiffs know their strength and they know how to use it, so they make very good guard dogs. They are protective of their own, kind with family and friends, and friendly when "off-duty". They are reliable, good around children, as well as good with other pets. They will not threaten another without reason, and are mostly a gentle but brave breed.
With Children: Yes, does well with children.

Bordagaray Aker Beltz, Owned By: Ixaka Iparragirre
From our Gallery of Breeds

With Pets: Yes, does okay with other pets.

Watch-dog: Very High. The Pyrenean Mastiff is always on guard to protect what he deems his property.
Guard-dog: High. They are very capable of protecting their family or family's items.

Care and Exercise: Because of their massive size, the Pyrenean Mastiff needs adequate exercise in an environment that can handle his size! Outdoor daily walks are good for this breed, and they should be kept in good shape with consistency. The coat should be brushed every week and you should check to make sure nothing gets stuck in it, as it can get dirty easily. Nails, ears, and teeth should always be checked and/or trimmed routinely.
Training: The Mastin del Pirineo is a very trainable breed, and will obey "from day one", as some owners have stated. They are excellent in learning and very intelligent. They should be trained as puppies, and always use positive reinforcement.
Learning Rate: High. Obedience - High.

Activity: Low - Medium.
Special Needs: Adequate space, exercise, and training.
Living Environment: The Pyrenean Mastiff needs plenty of room and exercise. They are very large dogs, therefore unsuitable for an apartment. They need a yard with a fence, and can do well in either rural or suburban environments. The best owner for this breed would be a family living in a rural or suburban area with a fence.

Health Issues: Eye problems, inflammatory bowel disease, and bloat. Bloat is a health issue common to most dogs, being the largest killer of dogs only second to cancer. Breeds with deep chests often suffer from this condition. Another health concern for Pyrenean Mastiffs is a low incidence of hip dysplasia.

Life Span: 8 - 13 years.
Litter Size: 5 puppies is average.

Country of Origin: Spain
History: The Pyrenean Mastiff is a native of the southern slopes of the Pyrenees mountains. The Mastiff was developed in the region of the Pyrenean Mountains that stretches from Aragon to Navarra. They came with Phoenician traders from Assyria and Sumeria, originally thought to have come from the Asiatic Mastiffs. They are thought to have arrived on the Iberian Peninsula at least 30 centuries ago. In Spain they found much use as sheep guards and herders. In ancient Spain, flocks were allowed to wander the fields across political and even war boundaries in search of grass. For this, the Pyrenean Mastiff was used to guard the flocks. Only 5 Pyrenean Mastiffs per 1000 sheep were allowed. But this provided a satisfying number, as the Mastiffs are highly equipped to run off any prey that might have come along. Depending on region, the Pyrenean Mastiff was named either Mastin d'Aragon (for those from the region of Aragon), or Mastin Navarro (for those living in the region of Navarre). The Pyrenean Mastiff was at one time almost extinct but has gained new interest in recent years. Spain recovered the breed slightly with its renewed pride in Spain's Pyrenean Mastiff. Today the breed is still somewhat rare, but its numbers are much higher than previously.

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比利牛斯獒犬的FCI标准　　FCI编号：92

　　FCI所属组别：第二组：宾莎犬和雪纳瑞类-獒犬、瑞士山地犬和瑞士牧牛犬组

　　身高：雄性比利牛斯獒犬肩高28.4-33.9英寸（72.0-86.0厘米）雌性比利牛斯獒犬肩高0.0-0.0英寸（0.0-0.0厘米）

　　体重范围：雄性比利牛斯獒犬体重121.3-165.4磅（55.0-75.0公斤）雌性比利牛斯獒犬体重0.0-0.0磅（0.0-0.0公斤）

　　头部（头部、面部、眼睛、耳朵、鼻镜、嘴部、口吻、鄂部、牙齿）

　　头部：大、强壮、中等长。头骨的长度与鼻梁骨比例是5：4。头骨：宽阔、强壮、侧面略凸，颅骨的宽度等于或略宽于长度。枕骨凸显。鼻子：黑色、润泽、大。口吻：直、三角形。唇：黑色。颌/牙齿：剪状咬合、白牙齿、健康稳固。牙齿大而且强壮，门齿相当的小。眼睛：小、杏仁形、淡褐色、首选是黑色，表达出警惕，高尚、温顺和聪明。耳朵：中等大小，三角形、悬挂。

　　躯干（颈部、胸部、肋骨、腰部和背部、躯体前部、皮肤）

　　颈部：宽阔、强有力、有肌肉、灵活、皮肤厚度略有松垮。双赘肉，但不夸张。身躯：矩形、强壮有力、给人的印象是力气大，但其实柔软和敏捷。肩部：表现明显。腰部：强壮有肌肉。臀部：宽而强壮，它的横向比较倾向45°。

　　四肢（前驱、肩部、上肢、胶骨关节、胶骨、足掌、后躯、大腿、飞节、关节和飞节指甲）

　　前躯：从正面看，绝对的笔直平行。肌肉、肌腱清晰可见，骨骼健康强壮。肩部：肌肉发达、长。上臂：强壮。肘部：骨量充足。前臂：骨结实、直和强壮。大腿：强有肌肉。髋关节角度约100°。

　　尾巴

　　尾巴：位置较高、强壮、厚有弹性。长、柔软而且形成了一个漂亮的羽毛。

　　步态/运动

　　首选的运动是快步，协和、强有力而且优雅。

　　失格条件

　　缺陷：任何与上述各点的背离均视为缺陷，任何身体或行为上明显表现失常之犬均为失格。

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-22 20:06
比利牛斯獒

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培育用途牧羊犬

　　中文名比利牛斯獒

　　俗名别名迪派瑞尼獒

　　英文名 PYRENEAN MASTIFF

　　原产地西班牙

　　繁殖方式胎生

　　历史起源起源时期：古代；起初用途：羊的守卫犬；现在用途：伴侣犬、守卫.几个世纪以来，每年春天牧羊犬都用来驱赶着羊群，
   从比利牛斯地势低洼的平原到高处的山谷，寻找牧草丰盛的地区放牧。这种放牧靠的是不停的迁移，4~5只狗驱赶着上千只的羊群，并要保护好这群羊。

　　习　性比利牛斯獒能抵御狼的攻击，保护自己的脖子，每只狗的脖子上都挂着“卡兰卡”——一种带钉的颈圈。这些精力旺盛的狗，脖子强壮，脸上有对称的花纹，
   在最近一个世纪的后期由于独特的饲养形成了很好辩认的特征。这使它成为人类可依赖的、驯顺的，
   且具有很好防卫能力的伙伴.忠诚镇定，对孩子友善，对其他狗有支配欲，对陌生人比较警惕。被激怒时很可怕，因此需要从小就进行持续地训练。

　　体　形身高：71厘米~80厘米;体重：55公斤~75公斤

　　头　部又大又长强壮的头颅稍圆，柔软但强壮的脖颈上皮肤松弛、下垂

　　足　掌前脚适中，脚趾紧密呈弓形。

　　披　毛脖子上厚厚的、浓密又粗糙的被毛稍长

　　毛　色金色和白色长毛和黑色与白色长毛。

　　护理需要很大的空间和较多的运动机会，不适合城市生活。不要让它睡在坚硬的表面，
   否则关节处会形成难看的胼胝，应经常梳理被毛，毛皮褶皱处和下垂的眼睑需要特殊照料

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-22 20:35
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-8-22 20:41 编辑

萨阿路斯狼猎犬 SAARLOOSWOLFHOUND Saarlooswolfhound
	Dutch breeder's Thirlmere sirloin distributes the German German shepherd dog and the wolf and it creates it.
	Aggressive one side in other dogs and animals : though it is faithful to the owner .. cautious... It has the will of adamant.
	The daily exercise needs a large amount. The maintenance of the hair is brushed extent. A thorough discipline is important from puppy's time. The bristly short hair, and the color is a Woolf color, cream, and white, etc

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Saarloos Wolfhound: BREED BOX
Country:
Size:
Temperament:
Grooming:
Recognition:

The 'Saarloos wolfhoind' (Dutch Saarloos Wolfdog) is a breed of large dogs with relatively wolflike appearance and behavior, such as strong pack instincts.
Starting in 1921, Dutch breeder Leendert Saarloos attempted to breed a dog that would be more amenable to training than the German shepherd. It is somewhat easier to train than other dog breeds more closely related to wolves, in part because the Canadian Timber Wolf, which hunts in packs (thereby giving it more interest in working as a team), was included in its background rather than the Carpathian Wolf, which hunts alone. However, the original goal has not been achieved.

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-------------------------------------

The Saarloos Wolfhound is one of the rare dog breeds that over time has been addressed as the:

• Saarloos Wolfhound
• Dutch Wolfdog
• European Wolfdog

The Saarloos Wolfdog or Wolfhound was named after Dutch dog breeder Leendert Saarloos (1884-1969) who developed the breed. By the early 20th century Leendert Saarloos had become profoundly and adequately disillusioned with the direction that genetic breeding of the domestic dog had taken to take it upon himself to save Canis familiaris (domestic dog) from the inexorable and slippery decline of genetic degeneration.

Leendert Saarloos was of the opinion that centuries of selective breeding had in effect genetically weakened the domestic dog to the point that hereditary disease was rife in almost every breed. Furthermore he also strongly believed that the domestic dog had long since lost its true canine qualities as a result of such prolonged selective breeding. Thus he decided there was only one course of action left and that was to re-infuse the domestic dog genes from “the original source,” its ancestor Canis lupus, the wolf.

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===================================

萨阿路斯狼猎犬

　　品种：畜牧与守卫犬

　　性格特征：不适合做小孩的伙伴，耐寒，容易训练，是较好的守门犬。

　　用途变化：起源时期：20世纪20年代；起初用途：改良犬的体形；现在用途：伴侣犬

　　产地血统：与捷克狼犬相比，这一稀少的荷兰品种更容易训练、更适于城市生活。

这可能是由于长期的选育、遗传背景中有成群生活的加拿大逖莫拜狼而不是单独狩猎的喀尔巴阡山脉狼的血液。但是，该品种可表现出狼一样的机警，像捷克狼犬一样，有时害怕陌生人

　　体型体重：身高：60厘米~75厘米　体重：36公斤~41公斤

　　寿命： 10-12年

　　毛色特征：灰色短毛和深褐色长毛两种。

　　体态特征：头在两耳间微微拱起，宽阔有力的颈，长腿，脚轻微向外翻，被毛粗糙、不太长，绒毛浓密，位置低、黑色的尾巴覆盖着浓密的绒毛。

　　护理：在两岁前，应使其具备良好的社会性。需要大量运动，因此不适合城市生活，被毛无须特别梳理。

　　优缺点点评：友善而警惕，与其他狗在一起时，群体性很强，独立而固执，需要持续的训练，并以感情赢得它的心。

相关链接 http://pets-place.net/SaarloosWolfhoundProfile.html

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-22 21:02
CAO DE FILA DE SAO MIGUEL

亚术尔牧牛犬

Cao de Fila de Sao Miguel
(Azores Cattle Dog)

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Photo Courtesy of Vale da Palha.

Find a Cao de Fila de Sao Miguel Breeder Place an Ad
Rescue a Cao de Fila de Sao Miguel List Your Rescue
Pronunciation	-
Description	The Cao de fila de Sao Miguel (Azores Cattle Dog) bears the specific characteristic of being a medium sized dog, which sets it apart from other Cattle Dogs, on average it is much bigger. They are square headed animals, with very strong jaws, expressive dark brown eyes, well developed musculature of the trunk and limbs. They walk with the typical characteristic of wadding slightly fringed in the anal region and buttocks. Their color encompasses the reddish-yellow, streaked, and the gray, also streaked, in both the dark and the light tonalities; it may also have white patches in the frontal region, chin, chest, and feet. The tail should be docked by 2nd or 3rd vertebra. The ears are normally cut round.
Temperament	The Cao de fila de Sao Miguel is a rustic and dominant animal, able of remaining outdoors during the entire year guarding the herds and the tools used in agriculture. It's very intelligent and quick to learn, executing various master's commands. As a dog used in driving milk cows it usually bites low so as not to wound the mammary glands of the cows, biting higher on the lost cattle. A working dog by excellence but also a good guard dog of the property or as a protection dog. A dog with a very sharp temperament but docile to his master. Very intelligent with a great capacity to learn. Due to their function as a cattle dog he bites low with the objective not to harm the redders of the cows. Nevertheless they may bite higher when handling stray cattle. For the right owner, this breed makes an excellent guard and watch dog. They are very defensive of their territory. He should be well socialized, preferably when young with both dogs and people, especially with children, as the breed tends to be naturally wary of strangers, though he is very friendly with those he knows. In order to successfully keep a Cao de fila de Sao Miguel the family must achieve a pack leader status. It is a natural instinct for a dog to have an order in their pack. When we humans live with dogs, we become their pack. The entire pack cooperates under a single leader. Lines are clearly defined and rules are set. Because a dog communicates his displeasure with growling and eventually biting, all other humans MUST be higher up in the order than the dog. The humans must be the ones making the decisions, not the dogs. That is the only way your relationship with your dog can be a complete success.
Height, Weight	Height: Male 19.5-24 inches (50-61 cm.), Females 19-23 inches (48-58 cm.) Weight: Males 55-90 pounds (25-41 kg.), Females 45-80 pounds (21-36 kg.)
Health Problems	No know health problems
Living Conditions	The Cao de fila de Sao Miguel should live next to its owner. This dog is not suited for apartment living. It needs a job to do.
Exercise	Needs daily exercise, which includes a daily, long walk. It loves to run, play and work.
Life Expectancy	About 15 years
Grooming	Brush coat few times a week
Origin	In 1427 the Azorean islands were discovered. They were covered by a lush vegetation that was hard to penetrate, but there were no mamals. The sailors of Prince Henry threw cattle in the maritime fringe of the islands. By 1439 there were abundant herds of domestic cattle in Sao Miguel. Raised free, the cattle grew wild. Therefore, a need for cattle dog of fila dog came. The most important dog was the fila de Terceira (now extinct) which was then bred with other molossers to make the Cao de fila de Sao Miguel. This dog became an indispensable element to cattle breeding, besides being an excellent guard of his masters possessions and family.

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============

别名/常用名：		别名：亚速尔牧牛犬

英文名：		CAODE FILA DE SAO MIGUEL

品种：		畜牧与守卫犬

性格特征：		不适合城市生活,适合炎热的天气,能适应寒冷的气候,不容易与别的犬相处，会麻烦,需要大量的身体训练

用途变化：		起源时期：15世纪，起初用途：牧牛犬、守卫犬，现在用途：牧牛犬、守卫犬

产地血统：		考迪菲勒得绍迈谷犬是一种非常有用的、天生喜欢劳动和守卫的犬，能给人留下深刻的印象，特别是它们那经过修剪的耳朵。它们的身体很像笨重的拳师犬，具有更突出的口鼻。育种者们正在葡萄牙和比利时培育绍迈谷犬。绍迈谷犬一直是一个稀有品种，其遗传方面的问题还没有人进行深入的研究。与其他所有大型、傲慢、强健的品种类似，这些犬可以和有经验的训练者相处得很好。如受到相应的社会化训练，这个品种能成为一个极具合作精神，非常友好的品种。

体型体重：		身高：48厘米~60厘米　　体重：20公斤~35公斤

寿命：		11年

毛色特征：		黑色斑纹短毛

体态特征：		卵圆形、似黑栗的眼睛又大又深，结实宽大的口鼻，方形头，高高翘起的三角形耳朵常常被修剪成圆形，带斑纹的深棕色被毛很短而且不平整，剪短的尾

优缺点点评：		聪明活跃，容易训练，但有比较强的保护意识，对陌生人很警惕

这是维基的链接资料

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A3o_Fila_de_S%C3%A3o_Miguel

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-23 23:15

我也来跟随lz,
CA DA BOU （马洛昆斗牛）
Height and Weight: Males are 18 to 24 inches and 60 to 100 ...
hereuare 发表于 2010-8-22 00:34

---------------

兄弟要是以后有好的犬种资料或图片就请添加以便大家方便交流学习！

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-25 12:31
German Hunting Terrier

德国猎梗

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Breed	German Hunting Terrier
Alternative names	Deutscher Jagdterrier German Hunt Terrier German Hunting Terrier German Jagdterrier Jagdterrier
Height (male/female)	13-16 inches (33-40 cm) / 13-16 inches (33-40 cm)
Weight (male/female)	20-22 pounds (9-10 kg) / 16-19 pounds (7.5-8.5 kg)
Life expectancy	13-15 years
Litter size

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About the German Hunting Terrier
Description
The German Hunting Terrier, also known as Jagd Terrier, is considered as one of the most clever and industrious breeds of terriers. This young breed, having been developed just in the early 20th century, has been named such because of its great hunting abilities, compared with other dog breeds.

The development of this breed was purposive such that a functional dog breed would be available as companion for those who are into hunting trips. Although a regal breed in terms of hunting, this breed can also be used as a pet but be sure to involve your pet in activities where it could combust and make use of its energy and strength. However, with its intelligence in marauding and seeking for preys, it is widely used as hunting dogs not as pets.

A fairly small dog breed, the German Hunting Terrier stands at about 16 inches and weighs more or less 20 pounds. Though small in its size, the entire physique of this breed is strong and powerful. This well-built torso and legs of the German Hunting Terrier makes it a good hunting dog. Its being a versatile breed makes it able to perform hunting even in shallow waters. Its coat, which resembles that of a Dobermann, may range from black to dark brown with a touch of tan color.

The Jagd Terrier is a tough and energetic breed and is always up to some hunting experience such as chasing for wild boars, badgers and foxes. Its flair on hunting, however, does not make it a hostile breed. In fact, it is a generally friendly to people. The German Hunting Terrier is generally devoted to only one master, which makes it loyal and dedicated to his owner.
Appearance
The Jagd Terrier is a relatively small dog breed standing at about 16 inches and weighing about 20-25 pounds. Although small in size, its hunting skills in undeniably great and incomparably versatile. Its prominent characteristic is its round and medium length muzzle and small ears which are folded above the head. The small, vigilant and intelligent eyes clearly show their expressions and feelings which make them easily understood.

The dog's narrow chest and sunken tummy makes it smaller compared with other dog breeds but adds up to its perkiness and agility. This breed also has a well-arched ribs and long and straight back. Aside from that, it has muscular loin and croup which supports its hind quarters' perfect angulation. Its muscular and rigid legs are also pronounced and important in its hunting dexterity. The dog's tail is usually docked and relatively long which makes it easy for the owners to pull them out of dens.

Its thin but strong legs similar to the shape of that of a rabbit's is helpful most especially in hunting. Most German Hunting Terriers have sleek black coat with a slight tan in it makes it similar to that of a Doberman. The coat's thickness and volume, which may either be harsh or smooth is important in hunting because it lessens the possible wounds and scars they might acquire from thorny bushes and plants.

Markings may be found on several parts of the terrier's body such as the eyebrows, muzzles, chest, legs and base of tail.
Personality
A German Hunting Terrier is bred to be used for hunting and sporty activities, not as pets inside the house. Although the dog is generally people-friendly, the dog's full functionality can be utilized when in hunting and in outdoor activities rather than inside the house of their masters. Its intelligence in hunting and determination should be utilized in activities where it could burn its energy and make use of its strength.

A German Hunting Terrier is also devoted to only one master which does not make it good as a family pet because it only keeps its loyalty to a single person. This breed's emotions and temperament are easily understood because of its deep set, intelligent and expressive eyes.
Care
Caring for a German Hunting Terrier is not that intricate. Because of its not so voluminous coat, grooming the dog is easy. The dog's coat should be brushed once a week to keep it free from dead hairs and keep their hair shiny. Aside from simple grooming, what this breed needs is constant exercise. If possible, you should allow it almost a few hours each day to run around unleashed because of its combustible energy.

Jagd terriers, when kept inside the house for quite long become anxious and restless because they need to be engaged in strenuous activities such as hunting or running freely in the yard. This is the reason why owners of this breed should have a relatively large yard to accommodate the need of their pets. Aside from engaging in energetic activities, this breed also has social needs and in fact needs love and attention, too.
History
This German Hunting Terrier, also known as Jagd terrier (German or Deutscher) has been developed into a new single breed only in the early 20th century. The dog has been developed in Germany, its country of origin, as a breed for many functions and one of which is to accompany hunters and masters in hunting trips. This development of this very intelligent and determined dog has not been that easy and in fact took several years of hardwork and patience of several dog breeders.

It was in the early 20th century when a dog breeding enthusiast Lutz Heck, a German curator of the Berlin Zoo and his brother Heinz Heck convinced the powers of Germany to pursue on their quest to make a breed of the German Hunting Terrier. This was sparked by the ever rising technology in genetic engineering the Germany, and the height of terriers' popularity in US and Europe in terms of fashion. More than that, the proponents were also in the quest for creating a breed which would compete with other terriers in the dog shows, such as the British and American Fox Terriers.

Because of their fascination with terriers, the Heck brothers presented their proposal to Carl Gruenewald and Walter Zangenbert, famous cynologist and terrier aficionado respectively. Welsh Terriers and Old English Wirehead Terriers were decided to be used as donor of the genes which contain the appearance of terriers. On the other hand, the Black and Tan Hunting dog, from where the Jagd terrier got its natural hunting instinct was from Germany. After several years of hardwork and experimentation, they were able to make what they wanted- a breed which resembles a Patterdale-like appearance but armored with great hunting skills.

Soon after, the German Hunting Terrier Club was founded on 1926 and the new dog breed was welcomed warmly in Germany. In the United States, however, the German Hunting Terrier wasn't given that much attention compared with Germany because first, Americans have their own dog breeds which are better than the Jagd Terriers, and more than that, they found it hard to give up previous breeds which they make use of.

Nevertheless, the breed of German Hunting Terrier was also brought to America after World War II and in fact, the Jagd Terrier Club of America was made with the purpose of having their breed recognized by the American Kennel Club. The latter did not recognize the said breed and eventually died out due to the aforementioned problems.

As time passed, Jagd Terriers are again starting to spread in the US lands as new breeds are again being imported. However, due to the size of these terriers, they cannot be allowed to do underground works, so they are commonly used in barns.

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-25 12:57
德国猎梗

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也叫德国亨特梗德国狩猎梗

肩高（公/母）13-16英寸（33-40厘米）/ 13-16英寸（33-40厘米）
重量（公/母）20-22磅（9-10公斤）/ 16-19磅（7.5-8.5公斤）
寿命13-15年

德国狩猎梗被认为是最聪明的小猎犬和勤劳品种之一。

这是个年轻的品种，只是在20世纪初被培育的

一直以来，与其他品种的狗相比，它们都是以超强的狩猎能力而命名。

这一品种的培育是有目的性的

虽然在狩猎方面是非凡的品种，但这个品种也能用来作为宠物

前提是一定要让其把精力和能量充分的发泻掉

事实上，因为其出色的嗅觉和狩猎能力，它被广泛地用作狩猎狗不得作为宠物。

这是一个相当小的品种，德国狩猎梗身高约16英寸，重20磅上下。

虽然其体型很小，但这个品种的体质是很强大的。

强壮的躯干和腿使其成为一个出色的狩猎狗。

它是一个多功能的狩猎品种，甚至能在浅水区狩猎。

它的皮毛，类似于多伯曼，可以从黑色至黑褐色或棕褐色

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德国猎梗是一个坚强和充满活力的品种，

并始终保持有狩猎的天性，如追逐野猪，獾和狐狸。

但是，它不是一个对人敌视的品种

德国狩猎梗一般只能有一个主人，这使得它能尽忠他的主人。

外貌

德国猎梗是一个相对较小的品种

约16英寸，重约20-25磅

虽然体型小，但无可否认的它有伟大和无比灵活的狩猎技能。

其突出特点是它的带弧度的，中等长度以上的颚部，

小叠耳朵

警惕而又机智的眼睛使人能能清楚地理解他们要表达的表情和感受

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德国猎梗是培育用来狩猎和运动

而不是在屋内的宠物。

虽然它对一般人很友好，

但它的功能和精力，是放在狩猎和户外活动上，而不是在房子的主人身上。

德国猎梗的专一性也使它很难做为一个成功的家庭宠物，

因为它始终只对一个人保持其忠诚。

历史
德国猎梗，是在20世纪初发展成为一个新的单一品种的

德国猎梗俱乐部成立于1926年，这个新的狗品种在德国很受欢迎

但在美国，德国猎梗没有得到这么多的关注

首先是美国人认为他们有自己的狗品种比德梗好，仅此而已，他们发现很难放弃他们以前的品种。
随着时间的推移，

德国猎梗再次开始在美国的土地上蔓延

它们作为新品种再次被进口。

但由于这些猎犬的体型，不能让他们做洞猎犬，所以他们常被用在谷仓狩猎！

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-8-25 13:02
上面是我翻的译文

下面这是百度关于德国猎梗的资料

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　　犬种：德国

猎梗

　　别名：德国猎梗犬

　　英文名：German Hunting Terrier|German Hunt Terrier

　　分类：小型犬 工作犬 梗犬

　　体重：9.0-10.0公斤

　　身高：33.0-40.0厘米
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物种历史
　　原产地德国，起源于19世纪。

　　别名德国梗(Deutscher Terrier)，德国本土培育的严肃的猎手。除了在巴伐利亚培育的品种之外，祖先全为包括威尔士梗和猎狐梗在内的不列颠梗犬。体型相对比较小的犬类，适合作为家庭伴侣犬，汽车旅游陪伴犬和野外狩猎犬。但仍归属于工作犬，以灵敏的鼻子而闻名。披毛普通，厚而密实，有硬毛和短毛两个类型。1926年德国猎梗俱乐部成立,1951年首次被德国移民带入美国。该品种可以胜任几乎任何狩猎活动，经过训练可以跟踪血迹找到受伤的猎物，也可以激飞和寻回鸟类。在猎取野猪时可以用吠叫来进行驱赶和围困，尽管体型不大，但却是大型猎物如熊和山狮的难对付的对手。
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形态特征
　　身材短小紧凑。头部伸长，吻端不尖，有点像楔形，吻部比颅部稍短。颅

德国猎梗

骨平坦，两耳间较宽阔，两眼间较狭窄。鼻子与吻部协调，不太窄也不太小，黑色，但披毛颜色是棕褐色的往往鼻子颜色也相同。脸颊丰满，上下颚有力，牙齿强健，剪状咬合。眼睛黑色，较小，卵形，神态坚定。耳朵耳根高，V形，向前折叠，属半直立耳。颈部健壮，不太长。背线直，背结实健壮。腰部肌肉良好。臀部肌肉丰满而平滑。胸部深，不太宽。肋部扩张良好。复线后收。尾巴断尾。肩部较长，肌肉发达。前肢直而平行，后肢骨量充足，肌肉发达。前足比后足宽，后足卵圆形。足趾紧凑，足垫厚而结实。披毛密实，硬而粗糙的毛或粗糙平滑的短毛。通常的毛色是黑色带褐色斑纹。身体毛色是黑色的，褐色一般限于足部、后臀、颊部、两眼上面、耳朵内侧、尾巴根部，颜色分布同多伯曼狗相似。其他可接受的毛色有黑褐色、褐色、棕色、红色和鼠灰色带斑纹。足趾和胸前可以有小块白色。

　　身高 41 厘米左右

　　体重 9-10 公斤

　　敏锐、顽强，勇敢，吃苦耐劳，乐于工作，有耐力，可靠，爱交际，易训练。

　　毛发：披毛密实，硬而粗糙的毛或粗糙平滑的短毛。颜色：身体毛色是黑色的，褐色一般限于足部、后臀、颊部、两眼上面、耳朵内侧、尾巴根部，颜色分布同多伯曼狗相似。其它可接受的毛色有黑褐色、褐色、棕色、红色和鼠灰色带斑纹。

FCI标准
　　FCI编号：103

　　FCI所属组别：第三组：梗犬组

　　身高：雄性德国猎梗肩高13.0-15.8英寸（33.0-40.0厘米）雌性德国

德国猎梗

猎梗肩高13.0-15.8英寸（33.0-40.0厘米）

　　体重范围：雄性德国猎梗体重19.8-22.0磅（9.0-10.0公斤）雌性德国猎梗体重16.5-18.7磅（7.5-8.5公斤）

　　头部（头部、面部、眼睛、耳朵、鼻镜、嘴部、口吻、鄂部、牙齿）

　　头部：头部伸长，吻端不尖，有点像楔形，吻部比颅部稍短。头骨：平坦，两耳间较宽阔，两眼间较狭窄。鼻子：与吻部协调，不太窄也不太小，黑色，但披毛颜色是棕褐色的往往鼻子颜色也相同。口吻：强壮、独特的下颌骨，下巴强烈明显。面颊：丰满。唇：紧。颌/牙齿：上下颚有力，牙齿强健，剪状咬合。眼睛：黑色，较小，卵形，神态坚定。耳朵：耳根高，V形，向前折叠，属半直立耳。

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作者: hereuare 时间: 2010-8-26 00:36
本帖最后由 hereuare 于 2010-8-26 00:39 编辑

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兄弟要是以后有好的犬种资料或图片就请添加以便大家方便交流学习！
如云烟发表于 2010-8-23 23:15

德国猎梗斗熊
http://player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XMTk0MDA5MzMy/v.swf

多谢LZ介绍的这个品种，又让我认识了一个十分迷人的小家伙！！！

作者: 疯狂的土豆 时间: 2010-8-29 10:08
好帖，楼主辛苦了！！！

作者: 萧山中亚 时间: 2010-8-30 05:41
好帖，楼主辛苦了！！！

作者: 泰安猛犬 时间: 2010-8-30 08:35
回帖是一种美德！！！

作者: jinxiaowei 时间: 2010-9-1 09:03
看帖、顶帖，是种美德！

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-1 10:36
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-9-1 10:39 编辑

特别的把爱斯基摩狗列出来

是因为看到绝大部分人还分不清哈士奇阿拉斯加和爱斯基摩犬的关系和区别

百度资料更是一塌糊途误人子弟 ......

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爱斯基摩犬

Appearance

The Canadian Eskimo Dog should always be powerfully built, athletic, and imposing in appearance.
It should be of "powerful physique giving the impression that he is not built for speed but rather for hard work."
[1] As is typical of spitz breeds, it has erect, triangular ears, and a heavily feathered tail that is carried over its back.
Males should be distinctly more masculine than females, who are finer boned, smaller, and often have a slightly shorter coat.

Temperament
The Canadian Eskimo Dog's temperament reflects its original work and environment. It is tough, intelligent, and alert.
It is affectionate and gentle, and develops a deep bond with its owner and is intensely loyal.
Canadian Eskimo Dogs are best suited as companions for adults, rather than children,
as they can be over-excitable. When used as sled dogs, they were often required to forage and hunt for its own food.
Consequently, many Canadian Eskimo Dogs have stronger prey drive than some other breeds. Owing to their original environment,
they take pure delight in cold weather, often preferring to sleep outside in cold climates. Like most spitz breeds they can bevery vocal.

History

The Canadian Eskimo Dog is generally considered to be a very old dog breed, possibly as old as over 1,000 years.

It was first bred by the Thule people. Therefore it is related to the Greenland Dog,
so much so that some authorities consider them the same breed. It was, and still is (to a very limited extent),
used by the Canadian Inuit as multi-purpose dogs, often put to work hunting seals and other arctic game,
and hauling supplies and people.

In the 1800s and early 1900s this breed was in demand for polar expeditions.
When snowmobiles came into use the population numbers started rapidly declining,
because snowmobiles are faster and need less care.
In the 1950s there were approximately 20,000 dogs living in the Canadian Arctic,
and had been accepted for showing by both the AKC and CKC,
however in 1959 the AKC dropped the breed from its registry because of extremely low numbers.
By 1963 there was supposedly only one dog registered with the CKC, and when this dog died there were still no others registered.

It probably would have gone extinct if not for the Eskimo Dog Research Foundation (EDRF).
The EDRF was founded in 1972 by William Carpenter and John McGrath
and was largely funded by the Canadian Government and the Northwest Territories, with some support from the CKC.
The EDRF purchased dogs from the small (about 200 dogs) population remaining in the Canadian arctic from remote Inuit camps on Baffin Island,
Boothia Peninsula, and Melville Peninsula. The EDRF then began breeding dogs in order to increase numbers.

The Canadian Eskimo Dog is still very rare, however it is becoming more popular in arctic tourism,
with an increasing number of sled dog teams that serve tourists.
This newfound popularity is because tourists often enjoy seeing the dogs in their natural environment doing what they are meant for.

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这些在加拿大的爱斯基摩犬是强壮的富有运动性的

外观强壮而雄伟！

它们是典型的北半球绒毛犬品种

竖立的三角形耳朵，大量绒毛的尾巴翻转在它的背部

雄性狗的骨架更大想比雌性来讲毛量也比雄性略短

加拿大爱斯基摩狗的性格

很好的反映出了其特有的工作性和环境

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它们是顽强的，聪明，警惕

但对主人又是深情温柔的

这些狗和它的主人之间会有深厚的关系

它们会很强烈的忠诚主人

爱斯基摩狗是最适合作为成年人的同伴而不是孩子

因为它有时会很过激

当被用做雪橇狗时，它们经常需要自己觅食

因此，许多加拿大的爱斯基摩狗比其他一些品种的家犬有更强的狩猎性

由于原有的生活环境，他们很喜欢寒冷的天气，宁愿睡在露天的寒冷的气候之下

加拿大爱斯基摩狗通常被认为是一个非常古老的狗品种

超过1000年或更古老些

它们和格陵兰狗的关系很密切，以至于一些当局认为他们是同一个品种

就是现在它们仍然被用来作为多用途工作犬，

常常用来狩猎海豹和其他一些在北极的活动，如运送物资和人员

在19世纪和20世纪初

这个品种极地探险中很受欢迎

当雪地汽车投入使用后，狗的数量开始迅速下降

因为雪地汽车运行速度更快，也不需要太多的照顾

在20世纪50年代，大约有20000只爱斯基摩狗生活在加拿大的北极地区

从俱乐部成立的1959年起，注册品种的数量就很少

到1963年  只有一只在册犬了，而当这只狗死后，仍然没有其他人注册

如果不是爱斯基摩狗研究基金会（EDRF）。它们可能就会灭绝

EDRF成立于1972年

由加拿大gov和西北地区资助威廉和约翰组织成立了该基金

EDRF从北极圈内一些偏远的地区

如巴芬岛  布西亚半岛和斯坎维尔半岛的因纽特人那儿  购买了约200只小狗

然后开始培育EDRF犬，以增加其种群数量

目前为至加拿大爱斯基摩狗仍是非常罕见的

但它在北极旅游中越来越受欢迎 ...

人们加入雪橇狗的团队体会人  狗与自然的合谐！

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-1 10:54
本帖最后由如云烟于 2010-9-1 10:57 编辑

The Canadian Eskimo Dogs are said to be North America’s rarest and oldest remaining purebred breed of dogs. They are a type of Arctic breed of dogs. They are also referred to as Quimmiq in some places. They were the only way of transportation in the Canadian arctic once upon a time, but they became rare around the 1960’s. This was because of the growing popularity of manmade machines such as snowmobiles which were more reliable, efficient and much faster.
The Canadian Eskimo Dogs are well built and give the impression that they are built for hard work and not for speed. They are very athletic and also have a very imposing appearance. Like most of the Spitz breeds, they have triangular ears that stand erect. The heavy thick quantity of hair on their back is also carried over to their tails. The male Canadian Eskimo Dogs are more masculine than their female counter parts which are smaller in size with a shorter coat. The males weigh in at around 66 to 88 pounds (30 to 40 kg) and the female weigh in at around 40 to 66 pound (18 to 30 kg). They are pretty huge and furry as they stand tall at around 23 to 28 inches (50 to 70 cm) for the males and the females stand tall at around 19.5 to 23.5 inches (50 to 60 cm).

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加拿大爱斯基摩狗

可以说是北美最稀有和最古老的纯种狗品种

它们是典型的北极狗品种类型

他们在某些地方也被称为Quimmiq

在以前很长一段时间它们是加拿大北极地区运输的唯一途径

加拿大爱斯基摩狗身材魁梧，他们有很强的运动性，也有非常好看的外观

它们有这直立三角形的耳朵

浓密蓬松而曲卷的尾巴

雄性体重约66至88磅（30至40公斤）

雌性重量约40至66磅（18至30公斤）

他们的绒毛体型是相当巨大的

公狗站立约23 - 28英寸（50至70厘米）高

母狗约19.5至23.5英寸（50至60厘米）高

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作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-4 11:44

The mighty Khonch Nokhoi is considered to be a Mongolian variant of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog by some and a regional sub-type of the Tibetan Mastiff by others, but some authorities believe this is incorrect. It most certainly has ties to the dogs of Tibet, as well as to the Altai Herders and other Asian working dogs, but is believed by most Mongolians to be much older than any of these other breeds. During the Soviet occupation of the region, a fair ammount of Caucasian Ovcharka and German Shepherd blood influenced the breed, leaving only a small number of pure Mongolian dogs in existence. Imported dogs from Tibet are occasionally crossed with native sheepdogs of Mongolia, with hopes of reviving the breed. Sometimes called a Mongolian Ovcharka, the Hon'ch Nohoi is a rugged and resilient Moloss, valued for its fierce personality and good working qualities.

This breed is celebrated by the native Mongolians, who in fact believe themselves to be a result of a mating between a dog and a deer. Said to had been the favourite dog of Genghis Khan, it undoubtedly influenced the bloodlines of some European breeds. There are two main types within the breed, differentiated by size and temperament. The heavy and tall mastiff variant is usually used as a property guardian and is better known outside Mongolia, but the smaller working sheepdogs are much more common and are prized herders and shepherds' companions. Both types of the Honch Nohoi are commonly found in the same litter, but the puppies are then separated and raised for different purposes. Crosses between the types are known as Bancars and are very common, but aren't as valued. A variety of sub-types can be encountered throughout Mongolia, some of which are seen as separate breeds by a number of researchers

This alert watchdog is rare today, reportedly more numerous outside its native borders than within Mongolia. Strong protection drive and confrontational nature, coupled with its strength and stubborn character, make the Mongolian Hon'ch Nohoi unsuitable for urban life. These tough dogs are playful with their masters and very gentle with children, but have very little tolerance for strange people and dogs. The ears of the working sheepdogs are almost always cropped, while the large home guardians are usually left in their naturalstate. Regardless of type, the harsh dense coat varies in length and comes in a range of colours, from white to gray to black, but the black-n-tan dogs are the most favoured, especially the ones with clearly defined tan markings above the eyes. The height rarely exceeds 24 inches at the withers, although some examples of the larger variant are said to reach the height of 30 inches on occasion.

The Land of Dogs

I am a French dog lover who is passionate by rare canines. In the old English book about dogs I met the Mongolian Mastiff, the largest of mastiff breeds. In the same book a Manchurian Snow dog is also mentioned. Sometimes it is called the Mongolian dog. Chengis khan is said to be a very good hunter who owned a lot of prey birds and dogs. Do nomads use specific dogs for hunting?

Filippe Touret, Reims, France

[size=-1]Mongolian Dog Types
Be Brave as Lion
Dog Care and Maintenance
Good Dog Signs
Save Bankhar!

Trusted gurd of ghers and herds

Many travelers who visited Mongolia in different periods were impressed with the number of cattle and dogs.

Mongolian nomadic families usually migrate with their cattle, frequently changing pastures. With such lifestyle the service of dogs is essential for alerting about arrival of strangers, guarding and herding sheep flocks. Each nomadic family usually has 2-3 dogs to look after livestock, guard the house and help in hunting.

1990 study by A. Osor, director of the dog training school, gives examples of how dogs serve nomadic herders.

Dog Nyangar owned by herder Luvsantseren of Delgerkhaan soum in Khnetii province, at night walks around the sheep flock every 30-40 minutes checking around.
Herder Bazarsuren from Bulgan soum in South Gobi province trained his dog Khuder to take cattle to pasture and bring back in the evening.
Herder Zeveg from Middle Gobi told that once he saw two wolves attacking his sheep flock grazing some 10 kilometers distance. Under the master order his dog Olz rushed to save the sheep and soon brought back the entire flock with no single animal lost.

Dog was always a loyal friend and companion to nomadic herders. Many ancient rock paintings show that Central Asian nomads used dogs for guarding their flocks and hunting. Graveyards of Hunnu people often contain metal embroidery and pottery with pictures of hunters with dogs or dogs buried along with their masters.

Ancient Chinese historical records describe Hunuu dogs as "very ferocious and big dogs with strong legs and wide chest."

Mongolian type dog

Dogs are mentioned very often in famous historical documents and literary epics as "Dogs are the most loyal friends. They will never change poor master for a rich herder, grown by poor nomad it will never follow even a khaan." There was even a poem composed by Sandag, a famous poet of 19th century "Praise to Dog"

Ch. Jugder, well known expert on Medieval Mongolian philosophy, notes that "Mongols deeply respected and revered their dogs and the dogs never betrayed their masters."

Such respect for dogs even found reflection in the legislation. The Codes of Law from 1640 and 1709 (enforced and observed until 1921) both contain provisions prohibiting to kills or beat dogs.

Dogs, similar to horses, were buried on the hills so that people do not walk on their remains. Dog's tail was cut off and placed under the head. A piece of fat was put into their mouth and words of wishes to be born as a human being in the next life were said before burial.

Before the revolution of 1921 the number of fogs in the country was astonishing. According to veterinarian D. Tseveenjav, some 200-300,000 dogs lived in the country in 20s. Since the total population of that time counted approximately half a million, Mongolia was truly the land of dogs then.

As the population gets more and more settled and repeated campaign to destroy stray dogs, the number of dogs is diminished. According to A. Osor study, in 1985 there were 18,840 dogs registered in the country.

Mongolian Dog Types

Traditionally four types of native dogs were maintained in Mongolia.

According to A. Osor studies Mongolian dog breed has the following parameters:

	Male	female
Body length	108 cm	107 cm
Chest width	18,7 cm	16,1 cm
Height	3 cm (+-9.0)	58.7 (+-3)
Weight	38 kg average

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-4 11:45

Appearance

Mostly black colored. Sometimes have white or yellowish spots on chest, face, legs, tail end. The special sign of a true Mongolian dog are a pair of yellow or brown spots above eyes.

Hair usually is 3-4 cm long with dense under hair. Dogs shedding their winter hair often look like lions with clutches of and strips of hair hanging from sides.

Mongolian dog barking is low and deep. They have excellent listening and can hear master's soft call from as far as 250- 300 meters.
Sniffing is not that good as German shepherd but Mongolian dogs can find out meat from as far as 350 meters. They can follow tracks for 20-30 kilometers.
During heat season up to 20-30 dogs may follow a ***** dog. It is rather dangerous to threaten ***** dog as the entire pack may attack. Female dogs give birth twice per year each time delivering 5-7 puppies.
Mongolian dogs live up to 15-16 years.
Character

Mongolian dogs are quiet animals, walk slowly observing surroundings with intent and long glaze. They have stamina and brave. They watch intently and long. When confronted by man they usually turn head away or retreat but can attack suddenly from behind if there is a chance.

Especially dangerous are those dogs that appear without any sound and attack in silence, without giving any warning. It is very rare to see dogs fighting among themselves but the entire pack will attach any outsider dog.
The Mongolian dog character did not improve much since the times of Huns. Even today horse riders approaching a nomadic tent will shout from distance to restrict dogs and leaves horse only when home masters come out and order dogs to keep quiet and not to touch the guest.
A.Osor studies found that Mongolian dogs are not as fit as German shepherd dog for tracking. They do not learn orders well and even when learn obey with lazily. They liked verbal praise more than food.
But this does not mean that they are inferior to other types of dogs. In specific situation like wolves attacking sheep herd they can be brave and deadly efficient.

Be Brave as Lion and Sharp Eyed as Falcon!

Dogs are the only domesticated animals Mongols give names. All the other animals are given nicknames based on their color or shape while dogs are considered a family member.

A list of dog names, made by Mongolian architect B. Adya, contains more than 100 entries.
According to tradition, before bringing in a puppy a Buddhist monk is consulted to see if the dog birth year is favorable to the owner, as well as to tell a good day and hour to bring the dog to the home.
A new master should bring in gifts to the owner of the dog as well as food for the she dog.
When puppy is brought to home for the first time it is fed with some milk. After this the foundation of its ears and the tail end are smeared with some fat with the wish of turning into a lion. Then the new owner whispers the dog name into its ear.
Each name has meaning. Eagle, Falcon, Lion according to some qualities of these animals. Often names are associated with the kind of service: Hunter, Guard, Shepherd etc or desired qualities: Fast, Bringing in Good, Lucky...

Dog Care and Maintenance

Mongols keep their dogs free, without tyeing or building dog house. The only must be thing is a wooden plate kept at some distance form the gher. Dogs are let known that they can eat only from that plate while the rest of food is forbidden.

Dogs are usually fed what remains from the family, mostly the bone remains. During mass slaughtering of livestock in autumn or festives a special 'dog share' is set aside. Often utensils soup is cooked for dogs. It is said that one can immediately know if a nomadic family has a dog judging by how clean is the surroundings.
Sometimes it happens that dog steals food. In such case it disappears feeling guilty. Even when returning after few days it stay at distance waiting for a sign of pardon from master.
Mongols make warm winter coats and boots from dog skins. Dog hair is known to be most warm and light furs. Each spring up to 400 grams of soft under hair can be combed from one dog. This is used for knitting winter socks with which feet never get cold during winter.
Dog meat believed to have special curing powers ands often used for treating lung diseases.

Good Dog Signs

Only dogs are given own name and treated as family member

There are strict rules for picking up a good dog some of which are contained in Medieval medical scripts and some of which are passed from father to son.

According to these rules, dog's outside appearance is important in judging a good one. It is believed that a dog with heart shaped white spot on chest will be very brave and loyal.
Reddish shadow in eyes indicated that the dog will be fierce fighter ready to fight until the end. White spots near claws are good omen as they bring in wealth to the master's home but white socks and white tail end mean that the dog will steal food and neglect its duties.
Bringing in dog puppy form faraway place, keeping dogs of different breeds, with gray color or mixed breed was strongly discouraged.
When choosing from among the puppies, the last-born is usually given preference as the best.
Dog character is tested by lifting it from tail or leg. If the puppy remains silent and attempts to curb the body it will be a strong and good dog. Short and soft hair, flexible skin, wide chest and small back are also considered to be signs of a good dog.

Save Bankhar!

Arslan (means Lion) was brought from South Gobi. “Such dogs are rare now,” says Gantogoo, dog seller on the flea market.
Picture by N. Bolormunkh

Bankhar is a popular name for dogs. It is translated as 'flat faced' and often serves as nickname for any dog.

"Save Bankhar!" is the motto of those worried with the sudden decline of the number of Mongolian dogs. If 20 years ago they comprised about 30% of all registered dogs and nowadays it is hard to find one real Mongolian dogs even in remote areas.
Inter- breeding began in late 1940s, the time of Trans Siberian railroad. Prisoners of war and Unit 505 comprising of servicemen from Russian General Vlasov fighting against the Soviets on the side the Nazi Germans during WWII were brought to Mongolia to accomplish the tedious task. For several years the unit men virtually paved the road with dead and built narrow rails above.
After the construction was complete, Russians withdrew leaving behind empty labor concentration camps and hundreds of abandoned guard dogs, usually German shepherd dogs.
Mongolian writer Dogmid, one of the initiators of the Mongolian Dog saving movement, recalls that when he was a child almost every family in the Zuun bayan town area had a German shepherd dog.
The second wave of mixing began with the arrival of more than 100,000 Russian military and advisers in mid-60s who were bringing their own dogs along.
Nowadays it is in fashion among young Mongolians to won rare dog breeds, from Chinese Chua-Chua to English bulldogs. Often abandoned by their owners they join the army of stray dogs comprising now a great variety of breeds from all over the world.
Though one can find many rare dogs on the local market, it is rare to see a puppy of true Mongolian dogs on sale.

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-4 11:46
很多人认为蒙古獒是中亚牧羊犬的蒙古亚种

也有人说是来自藏獒的血统，但权威人士认为，这是不正确的。

它们肯定和西藏的狗有渊源关系

以及阿勒泰地区和亚洲其他地区的牧犬

但多数蒙古人认为蒙古獒是比其他品种更古老的品种

这个品种无疑影响了欧洲的一些品种的血统。

目前主要有两个大小不同的品种类型。

强壮高大的獒犬通常是用来作为看护财产

而体型较小的工作牧羊犬更为常见，是牧民和牧羊人的同伴

它们的毛色从白色到灰色再到黑色，

但铁包金的狗是最受青睐的，特别是有棕褐色的铁包金四眼标记的狗。

肩高很少超过24英寸，但一些较大的个体据说能达到30英寸高的体型

蒙古游牧民族带着他们的牛群不定期的更换牧场。

在这种游荡的生活方式下，产生了一种为之服务的狗，

它的基本功能就是警告陌生人并向主人发出信号，护卫和放牧羊群。

每个蒙古牧民家庭都有2－3 条这样的狗照顾畜群，守卫房屋和协助狩猎。　　

A. Osor是犬训练学校的指导老师，他1990年的时候给我举了游牧民族的狗是如何为牧民服务的。
　　
*Nyangar是蒙古Khnetii省的一个牧民的牧犬，在深夜里每30－40分钟就巡视牧群一遍。
　　
*Bulgan牧场的牧人 Bazarsuren训练他的牧犬Khuder白天将畜群带到牧场吃草，晚上再赶回来。　　

*Herder Zeveg是从蒙古中部戈壁来的，他说一次在他将羊群赶到10 公里以外的草场吃草的时候，两只狼袭击了他的羊群。

他的狗Olz在主人的命令下冲向两只狼并赶走了它们，他的羊一只也没有损失。　　

牧犬总是游牧民族的忠实伴侣。许多古代的岩画上面就记录了中亚牧民用牧犬守护畜群和狩猎的情景。

匈奴人的墓地中经常有绘有猎人和猎犬狩猎场景的金属或陶制的器皿，或者有狗陪葬在他的主人的身边。　　

古代中国的史料是这样描述匈奴的狗的：“体大、凶猛，四肢发达强健，胸膛宽阔。”

　　
著名的史料和文化中一般都有关于狗是人类最忠实伙伴的记录。“

他们从不在主人贫穷的时候抛弃他，而投奔有钱的新主人，”这是19世纪著名的诗人Sandag的“犬赞”中的一句话　　

Ch. Jugder是研究中世纪蒙古哲学的专家，他指出”蒙古人深深的爱着他们的狗，并且极其尊重它们，而他们的狗也从未背叛过他们的主人。　　

这样的尊重也被写进了法律，1640年到1790 年的法律中包含了禁止打杀犬只的法令（观察和强迫执行到1921年为止）。　　

狗和马一样，死后都被埋葬在山上，这样人们在行走的时候就不会踩踏到它们的遗骸。

死去的狗的尾巴都截断下来放在它的头下，人们在它们的嘴里塞一片肥肉，然后在埋葬前人们都要说一些祝福它转世为人的话语。　　

蒙古犬的类型

蒙古土生的犬种一般有4 个类型

　　    蒙古獒3

1。藏獒血统的狗

好多世纪以来，蒙古和西藏都共同信封着喇嘛教，在这样的相互交流影响下，他们有着相似的文化。数以千计的喇嘛每年都要去西藏朝圣，而西藏的喇蒙古獒嘛也住在蒙古的首都。

所以藏獒在蒙古流传开是不足以为奇的，尤其是修道院和小的山村，人们都用它来守护家园。  （但反过来说是否蒙古獒也影响或决定了藏獒的血统）

2。针叶林型－－

西伯利亚的莱卡犬是源于西藏针叶林带的一种狗。它们通过北部地区到达了蒙古。这种犬和蒙古狗的大小差不多，但是它们的腿部更长，骨量更小。它们主要分布在蒙古北部的山区，主要用来狩猎。

3。Borz－－

中亚寻猎犬。这种狗经常被人们称为迅踪犬，它们分布在蒙古的东北部。

4。蒙古獒

和藏獒一样强壮，只到70－80年代一位兽医D Tsevenjav作了调查研究以后，才作出了蒙古犬身材形态的确实描述

雄犬雌犬

　　身长 108 cm 107 cm

　　胸宽18,7 cm 16,1 cm

　　肩高63 cm (+-9.0) 58.7 (+-3)

　　体重平均38KG  （公 100-120磅  母  70-80磅）

蒙古獒大多都是黑色的，有时候胸口、脸、腿、尾巴末端有黄色或白色的斑块，

特殊标记是眉上有一对黄色或棕色的对称圆斑。（就是铁包金）

蒙古獒被毛一般为3－4 cm长，有着浓密的底毛。

它们在冬季换毛，这时候的狗因为脱落的毛悬挂在身上看起来很象狮子。

蒙古獒的吠叫是低沉有力的。它们有着良好的听觉，经常在250－300米以外的距离就能听见它们主人轻声的呼唤。

蒙古獒可以轻松的在350米以外的距离嗅到肉的味道，它们能跟踪猎物到20－30公里以外。

雌犬一年产两次，每窝5－7个幼犬。蒙古獒的寿命一般是15－16年

蒙古獒是安静的动物，它们缓慢的运动，同时观察着周围的动静。它们勇敢无畏，有百折不挠的精神。

尤其危险的是，这种狗会悄无声息的进攻，它不会作出任何的示警。几乎看不见它们相互进攻，但是它们会结群进攻外来的狗。

从匈奴时期开始，蒙古犬的性情就没有任何改变，

甚至在今天，骑马的人想要接近牧民的帐篷的话，就要在离帐篷很远的地方喊叫，只到有主人喝住狗以后，才可以下马。

A.Osor研究发现了蒙古犬和德国牧羊犬一样有着优秀的跟踪能力。

它们不需要学习任何命令，即使在得到训练以后，执行命令的时候还是懒洋洋的。

相对食物奖励而言，它们更喜欢口头上的表扬。

但是这些并不意味它们次于其他的犬种。在特殊的环境下，如有狼攻击羊群的时候，它们会勇敢的拼死还击。

作者: a197922 时间: 2010-9-4 12:37
看帖、顶帖，是种美德！
{:5_119:}

作者: 如云烟 时间: 2010-9-15 15:16
加个中英文名录的对比方便大家查询

牧犬

边境牧羊犬Border Collie 喜乐蒂牧羊犬(SHETLAND SHEEPDOG) 澳大利亚牧牛犬(Australian Cattle Dog)
佛兰德斯牧牛犬(Flanders Cattle Dog) 阿登牧牛犬(Ardennes Cattle Dog) 澳大利亚卡尔比犬(Australian Kelpie )3-31]
捷克斯洛伐克狼犬(Czekslovakian Wolfdog)FCI 斯恰潘道斯犬(Dutch Schapendoes) 萨卢斯猎狼犬(Saarloos Wolfdog)
澳大利亚牧羊犬(Australian Shepherd ) 克罗地亚牧羊犬(Croatian Sheepdog)FCI 泰托拉牧羊犬(Tatra Shepherd Dog)
波兰低地牧羊犬(Polish Lowland Sheepdog) 马地犬(Mudi) 荷兰牧羊犬(Dutch Shepherd Dog)
比利时牧羊犬（Belgian Shepherd Dog）贝加马斯卡牧羊犬(Bergamasco Shepherd Dog) 德国牧羊犬(GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG)
斯洛伐克楚维卡犬(Slovakian Chuvach)  长毛比利牛斯牧羊犬(Long-haired Pyrenean Sheepdog) 平脸比利牛斯牧羊犬(Pyrenean Sheepdog-smoothfaced)
葡萄牙牧羊犬(PORTUGUESE SHEEPDOG) 西帕凯牧羊犬(Schipperke)FCI标准(英文版)  波密犬(PUMI)FCI标准(英文版)
波利犬(Puli)FCI标准(英文版)  库瓦茨犬(Kuvasz)FCI标准(英文版)  可蒙犬(Komondor)FCI标准(英文版)
法国狼犬(Beauceron)FCI标准英文版彭布罗克威尔士柯基(Welsh Corgi Pembroke) 古代英国牧羊犬（Old English Sheepdog）
玛瑞玛安布卢斯牧羊犬(Maremmaand Abruzzes Sheepdog)

獒犬、山地犬和牧牛犬组及其他猛犬

沙皮犬(SHAR PEI) 迷你宾莎犬(Miniature Pinscher) 罗威纳犬(ROTTWEILER)
拳师犬(Deutscher Boxer) 大型瑞士山地犬(Great Swiss Mountain Dog) 恩特雷布赫牧牛犬(Entlebuch Cattle Dog)
阿彭则牧牛犬(Appenzell CattleDog) 伯恩山犬(Bernese Mountain Dog) 意大利凯因克尔索犬(Cane Corso Italiano)
中亚牧羊犬(Central Asia Shepherd Dog) 安那托利亚牧羊犬(Anatolian Shepherd Dog) 高加索牧羊犬(Caucasian Shepherd Dog)
丹麦布罗荷马獒(Broholmer) 沙皮犬(Shar Pei) 阿根廷杜高犬(Dogo Argentino)
卡斯特牧羊犬(Karst Shepherd Dog) 獒犬(Mastiff) 土佐犬(Tosa)
马略卡獒犬(Majorca Mastiff) 阿特拉斯牧羊犬(Atlas Shepherd Dog) 大丹犬(Great Dane)
西藏獒犬(Tibetan Mastiff) 兰希尔犬(Landseer) 巴西獒犬(Fila Brasileiro)
那不勒斯獒犬(Neapolitan Mastiff) 霍夫瓦尔特犬(Hovawart) 埃斯特卑拉山犬(Serradaestrela Mountain Dog)
卡斯托莱博瑞罗犬(Castro Laboreiro Dog) 斗牛獒犬(Bullmastiff) 斗牛犬(Bulldog)
罗威纳犬(Rottweiler) 兰伯格犬(Leonberger) 德国拳师犬(German Boxer)
比利牛斯山地犬(Pyrenean Mountain Dog) 法国波尔多獒(Doguede Bordeaux) 阿兰多獒犬(Alentejo Mastiff)
比利牛斯獒犬(Pyrenean Mastiff) 西班牙獒犬(Spanish Mastiff) 圣伯纳犬(Saint Bernard Dog)
纽芬兰犬(Newfoundland) 黑?犬(Black Terrier) 荷兰斯姆茨杭德犬(Hollandse Smoushond)
猴面宾莎犬(Affenpinscher) 迷你宾莎犬(Miniature Pinscher) 德国宾莎犬(German Pinscher)
迷你雪那瑞(Miniature Schnauzer) 雪纳瑞(Schnauzer) 巨型雪纳瑞(Giant Schnauzer)
杜宾犬(Dobermann) 澳大利亚短毛宾莎犬(Austrianshort-haired Pinscher)

更犬
苏格兰更(SCOTTISH TERRIER) 牛头更(BULL TERRIER) 澳洲丝毛更(Australian Silky Terrier)
约克夏更(Yorkshire Terrier) 英国玩具更(English Toy Terrier) 美国斯塔福德郡更犬(American Staffordshire Terrier)
斯塔福郡斗牛更(Staffordshire Bull Terrier) 牛头更(Bull Terrier)  杰克拉赛尔更(JackRussell Terrier)
罗福更(Norfolk Terrier) 日本更(Japanese Terrier) 捷克更(Cesky Terrier)
威尔士斯宾格猎犬(Welsh Springer Spaniel) 短脚长身更(Dandie Dinmont Terrier) 西高地白更犬(West Highland White Terrier)
斯凯更（Skye Terrier）西里汉姆梗（Sealyham Terrier）苏格兰更（Scottish Terrier）
诺维茨梗（Norwich Terrier）澳大利亚梗（Australian Terrier）凯安梗（Cairn Terrier）
帕森拉﹒罗赛尔(ParsonRussellTerrier)  爱尔兰峡谷梗（Irish GlenofImaal Terrier）刚毛猎狐更（Fox Terrier Wire）
爱尔兰梗（Irish Terrier）德国猎梗(German Hunting Terrier) 威尔士(Welsh Terrier)
曼彻斯特(Manchester Terrier) 湖畔梗(Lakeland Terrier)  平毛猎狐(Fox Terrier Smooth)
伯德(Border Terrier) 贝灵顿(Bedlington Terrier) 万能(Airedale Terrier)
爱尔兰软毛麦色梗(Irish Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier)

作者: 无法自拔 时间: 2010-9-16 21:27
本帖最后由无法自拔于 2010-9-16 21:31 编辑

天气不错，好久没来看了啊……

如云烟大哥，能不能帮忙列举出下面几个类型的狗中，现代工作性能最强的品种：

1 护卫獒类

2 猎犭更类

3 水性强的猎犬类

4 牧羊犬类

5 灵犭是类

6 牵引拖曳犬类

欢迎光临猛犬俱乐部-中国具有影响力的猛犬网站 (https://bandog.cn/)